针对当前喷水推进装置存在的问题，主要介绍了一种采用容积式液压泵进行喷射推进的新型喷水推进器的基本原理和结构特点，提出了需要解决的关键技术，并对这种新型喷水推进器的应用作了预测和探索。

An inexact two-stage chance-constrained linear programming (ITCLP) method is developed for planning waste management systems. The model is derived by incorporating the techniques of twostage and chance-constrained programming within a general interval-optimization framework. It can tackle uncertainties presented as both probability distributions and discrete intervals. Moreover, it can be used for analyzing various policy scenarios that are associated with different levels of economic penalties when the promised policy targets are violated. It can also help examine the reliability of satisfying (or risk of violating) system constraints under uncertainty. The developed method is applied to a case of long-term waste management planning. Interval solutions associated different risk levels of constraint violation are obtained. They can be used for generating decision alternatives and thus help waste managers to identify desired policies under various environmental, economic, and systemreliability constraints.

针对一种新型的端面曲轴斜盘连杆式水压轴向柱塞泵的结构特点，分析其噪声产生的机理，提出比较全面的降噪措施，并进行了实验研究。

该文简要介绍了喷水推进器的基本原理和结构，分析了其发展历程、应用状况和存在的主要问题，总结了喷水推进装置的特点，对喷水推进器的未来发展趋势作了简要分析和探索。

In this study, an interval-parameter multi-stage stochastic linear programming (IMSLP) method has been developed for water resources decision making under uncertainty. The IMSLP is a hybrid methodology of inexact optimization and multi-stage stochastic programming. It has three major advantages in comparison to the other optimization techniques. Firstly, it extends upon the existing multi-stage stochastic programming method by allowing uncertainties expressed as probability density functions and discrete intervals to be effectively incorporated within the optimization framework. Secondly, penalties are exercised with recourse against any infeasibility, which permits in-depth analyses of various policy scenarios that are associated with different levels of economic consequences when the promised water-allocation targets are violated. Thirdly, it cannot only handle uncertainties through constructing a set of scenarios that is representative for the universe of possible outcomes, but also reflect dynamic features of the system conditions through transactions at discrete points in time over the planning horizon. The developed IMSLP method is applied to a hypothetical case study of water resources management. The results are helpful for water resources managers in not only making decisions of water allocation but also gaining insight into the tradeoffs between environmental and economic objectives.