TiO2 hierarchical nanoporous ring arrays are constructed on a solid surface by an annealed templateinduced sol-soaking strategy. The ring size can be controlled by changing the sol concentration and varying the annealing time of the polystyrene sphere colloidal monolayer. The sol-gel process generates porous nanocrystalline networks in the ring walls, which can be modified by incorporating functional particles into the pores. This strategy allows the fabrication of specific metal oxides and semiconductor ring arrays on both flat and curved surfaces.

A solution-dipping emplate strategy for large-area synthesis of morphology-controoled, ordered pre arrays is reported, The morphology of the pore arra can easily be contrlled by concentration of the precusor solution and treatment conditions. With decrease of the concentration from a htigh lvevel to a very low level nanostructured complex (pore-hole, and pore-particle) arrays, through-pore arrays, and even ring arrays can, in turn, be obtained, The pore size is adjustable over a large range by changing the diameter of the template's latex spheres This synthesis route is universak and ca be used for various metals, semi-conductors and compounds on any substrate. Such structres may be useful in applications such as energy storate or conver-sion, especially in integrated next-generatin nanophotonics devices, and biomolecular labeling and identification.

The morphology controlled growth of large area ordered porous film presents a number ofchallenges. This paper reports work on a universal route, 'solution dipping template strategy', forsuch structured films. The morphologies of the porous film can easily be controlled byconcentration of the precursor solution and treatment conditions. By decreasing concentrationfrom a high to a very low level, nanostructured complex (pore- hole, and pore-particle) arrays,through pore arrays, and even ring arrays can, in turn, be acquired. The pore size is adjustableover a range up to two orders of magnitude using the diameter of latex spheres. This newsynthesis route is universal and can be used for metals, semiconductors, and compounds on anysubstrate. Such structures may be useful in applications in energy storage or conversion,especially in next generation integrated nanophotonics devices, biomolecular labelling andidentification.

Highly oriented ZnO ordered pore arrays (films) were electrochemically deposited on Au/Si substrate based on colloidal monolayertemplate. Such oriented porous film has a preferential orientation along c-axis and shows strong and steady ultravioletphotoluminescence at room temperature, accompanied by a much weaker visible emission. This is in contrast to the randomlyoriented film on ITO-glass substrate, which shows both weak ultraviolet and relatively strong visible luminescence. The growth ofpreferential orientation for such film on Au/Si substrate was attributed to the oriented substrate which leads to formation oforiented ZnO nuclei.