利用荧光原位杂交（Fluorescence in situ hybridization, FISH） 技术，采用荧光标记的rRNA 探针及其组合对胜利油田胜利采油厂回注水中硫酸盐还原原核生物（Sulfate reducing prokaryotes, SRPs, 包括硫酸盐还原细菌和硫酸盐还原古菌）进行检测，分析了该回注水中SRPs 群落结构。结果表明：SRPs在胜利油田回注水中具有极高的种群多样性，广泛分布于4个细菌门和1个古菌门；总数可达2.86×104个/mL，占回注水中总微生物细胞的20%左右；其中优势菌属为脱硫弧菌属（Desulf ovibrio）和脱硫肠状菌属（Desulf otomaculum）, 分别占回注水微生物总细胞数的8.71%（±4.45%），和12.15% （±3.90%）Desulfobacterales 和Syntrophobacterales这2个目中的SRPs, Thermodesulf obacteriales 以及Thermodesulf ovibro属的SRPs分别占样品微生物总量的7159%（±2.92%），3.57%（±1.39%）和2.32%（±0.80%）。除此之外，也检测到了占微生物总量4.29%（±1.75%）的A rchaeoglobus 属的SRPs, 证明了古菌类SRPs是回注水中一个不容忽视的硫酸盐还原微生物种群。FISH法能够快速、准确地检测回注水中SRPs数量，解析SRPs群落结构。

根据油田外排水中常见铁细菌的16SrRNA特异性保守序列，设计和合成了4种荧光探针，利用荧光原位杂交方法，分别利用它们对胜利油田孤岛采油厂、胜利采油厂1号和2号综合处理站外排水中存在的铁细菌的种类和数量进行检测，分析了各外排水中铁细菌的群落结构.结果表明，利用基因探针能快速对胜利油田外排水中的铁细菌进行检测:在孤岛采油厂、胜利采油厂1号和2号综合处理站的外排水中，利用4种探针的组合探针检测到的铁细菌细胞数量分别占样品中微生物总细胞数量的11.0%、12.8%和9.0%, 其中Leptothrix和Sphaerotilus，以及Leptospirillum fer-riphilum 为胜利油田外排水中的3种优势铁细菌，分别占水样中总微生物细胞数的2.94%±0.52%～3.39%±0.52%和2.24%±0.16%～2.63%±0.49%；而Leptospirillum ferrooxidans和Acidithiobacillus spp.的种群则较小.3个污水处理站中铁细菌群落结构差异较大，而多样性相差不大.利用4种探针的各种组合对外排水中铁细菌的检测表明，单探针能够很好地分析外排水中铁细菌的群落结构，而组合探针能快速、较准确地检测外排水中铁细菌的数量，比传统的绝迹稀释法具有快速、准确、直观等优点。

A Gram-negative, motile, non-spore-forming and moderately halophilic ellipsoid-shaped marine coccobacillus, designated strain SS011B1-4T, was isolated from benthic sediment of the South China Sea. Optimum growth occurred at 30-37 6C, pH 7.5-8.0 and 4-8% (w/v) NaCl. Strain SS011B1-4T utilized a variety of organic substrates as sole carbon sources, but did not utilize toluene, n-tetradecane or crude oil. Strain SS011B1-4T had ubiquinone-9 as the major respiratory quinone and C18: 1v9c, C16: 0 and C12: 0.3-OH as the predominant fatty acids. The genomic DNA G+C content was 62.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain SS011B1-4T belonged to the genus Marinobacter of the Gammaproteobacteria. The results of the phenotypic, phylogenetic and genomic analyses revealed that strain SS011B1-4T represents a novel species of the genus Marinobacter. The name Marinobacter segnicrescens sp. nov. is therefore proposed, with strain SS011B1-4T (5LMG 23928T5CGMCC 1.6489T) as the type strain.

Two moderately halophilic strains, SL014B-69T and SL014B-62A2, were isolated from a saline soil contaminated with crude oil in Gudao in the coastal Shengli oilfield in China; the isolates were Gram-negative, rod-shaped and carried lateral flagella. Growth occurred at NaCl concentrations of 1-20%(w/v), at temperatures of 10-42 6Cand at pH 8.0-9.0. Strain SL014B-69T hadC18: 1v7c (28.61%), C19: 1 cyclo v7c (27.97%), C16: 0 (19.66%) and C12: 0 3-OH (8.87%) as the predominant fatty acids and Q9 as the major ubiquinone, with the G+C content of genomic DNA being 64.0 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the two strains belonged to genus of Halomonas in the Gammaproteobacteria, with the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 96.4% with Halomonas campisalis ATCC 700597T and 96.0%with Halomonas desiderata FB2T. DNA-DNA relatedness of strain SL014B-69T with strain SL014B-62A2, H. campisalis ATCC 700597T and H. desiderata DSM 9502T was 97.4, 42.9 and 36.8%, respectively. On the basis of these data, a novel species of the genus Halomonas, Halomonas gudaonensis sp. nov., is proposed for strain SL014B-69T and SL014B-62A2. The type strain is SL014B-69T (=LMG 23610T=CGMCC 1.6133T).