Ultrastrncture of spermatozoon in soft-shelled turtle Trionyx sinensis was examined by transmission electron microscope. The mature spermatozoon is vermiform in shape, which consists of a head, connecting piece, middle piece, principal piece and end piece, similar in morphology to that of the turtles, Chrysemys picta and Chimemys reevesii. How-ever, several structures are uniqne. In the head, acrosomal complex covers the antelior protrusion of the nnchius, where there is a narrow lucent space between the subacrosonlal cone and the outer acrosomal cap. 3-5 intrannclear tubules go through the antelior tow-thirds of the nnchius and their central cores extend towards the perforatorial rods. The conect-ing piece is located in the concave implantation fossa in the caudal end of the nnchius. The mitochonchial sheath in the middle piece is composed of concentric mitochonchia arranged in 7-8 drdes each of which contains 5 mitochonchia. Con-centric layers in the mitochonchion are double-membranes and they are cristae mitochonchiales actually. The concentric cristae mitochondriales and lots of glycogens show the relationship to the vitality maintaining during long-time storage of the spermatozoon in the tinfie. The sturctural modal of proximal centriole is 9×3+0, in which the typical nine tliplet microtubules arrange in a pinwheel fashion and are surrounded by a dense material. By comparison, the structural modal of distal centliole is 9×3+2, and the central microtnbldes and outer triplet microtnbules are embed in dense fibers respec-tively. The distal centliohi stands vertically to the proximal one. There is a wedge-shaped anmdus around the end of the mitochonhriall sheath. The axonemal complex of the principal piece is surrounded by several layers of circumferential fibers, which obviously produces a fibrous sheath reducing backward gradually in thickness. In the axonemal complex that posses a structural modol of 9×2+2, there are two thick fibers corresponding to No.3 and No.8 doublet microtubules re-pectively, which merge with the fibrous sheath. On the transection of principal piece, two dynein arms attached to A mi-crotnbble of the doublet which connected with the central microtnbules ttn-ongh an obvious radial spoke. Two central mi-crotnbbles are hnked by a bridging substance. The end piece tufty contains an axonemal complex surroundod by cell mem-brane, the microtubules in which are dispersed gradually. The structural characteristics above were different evidently from other class animals or other ordor animals of the reptile

应用HE染色、碱性磷酸酶反应（AKP）、PAS反应和甲基绿派若宁染色，对鳖消化道各段的组织结构进行了系统的研究。结果表明，鳖食管粘膜上皮内有毛细血管分布，粘膜下层扣固有层内无腺体分布，但高柱状粘膜上皮细胞为粘液性细胞。胃粘膜表面无明显的责门区、胃底区和出门区之分，胃腺细胞呈嗜伊红着色，还未分化为主细胞和壁细胞。小肠占肠道总长的6/7，但从前向后结构基奉相似，很难区分出十二指肠、空肠和回肠3段；小肠绒毛发速，但缺乏中央乳糜管，也没有小肠腺，肠腔内侧有一贯穿全长的皱襞。大肠皱襞和绒毛稀疏短小，未见大肠腺。鳖消化道的基本形态构造、各种细胞的分布与哺乳动物和鸟类有较大的不同，与其他水生动物也存在一定差异。

将CB-HRP分别注入母鸡输卵管蛋白分泌部的前半段和后半段，以研究其神经分布的差异。结果表明，支配前半段与后半段的神经元分布位置和数目均有一定差异。后半段接受来自胸2至腰荐13（T2～LS13）脊神经节的感觉神经，T1～LS13交感干神经节、内脏神经节和肾上腺神经节的交感神经，盆神经节的副交感神经以及肠神经节的神经。前半段的感觉和交感神经的来源与后半段的基本相同，但前半段的副交感神经主要来自迷走神经。分布于后半段的感觉、交感和肠神经的神经元数目显著多于前半段。

应用光镜和透射电镜技术，对中华鳖肠道黏膜免疫相关细胞的分布和结构进行了详细观察，并结合形态结构特点，对爬行动物黏膜免疫的特征进行了讨论。鳖肠道黏膜上皮细胞（尤其大肠段）排列较疏松，细胞间隙明显，上皮间隙内普遍分布着上皮内淋巴细胞（IEL）和浆细胞。IEL在上皮不同部位的分布比例为核下区：核区：核上区=4：3：3。核上区IEL 以小淋巴细胞为主，而核区和核下区的IEI 体积略大。淋巴细胞胞质内含有数个粗大的膜包颗粒。上皮内未见微皱褶细胞，IEL位于上皮细胞之间，并在上皮细胞之间伸出伪足。肠腔内有完整的游离淋巴细胞。肠道黏膜上皮间隙内的浆细胞一般位于核下区或核区，胞质内充满着扩张状态的粗面内质网。肠道固有膜散布着许多淋巴细胞（LPL）、浆细胞、巨噬细胞和一些白血细胞，以小肠段的分布最丰富。在有些肠绒毛内，LPL分布密集，几乎占据整个绒毛中心，但并未出现淋巴小结。固有膜浆细胞有两种形态：一种浆细胞的粗面内质网呈短的扩张状态，其数量占多数；另一种浆细胞的粗面内质网为板层状排列的扁囊状，数量较少。结果表明，参与中华鳖肠道黏膜免疫反应的细胞数量多，但黏膜上皮内缺乏微皱褶细胞（M细胞），固有膜中也不形成淋巴小结。提示爬行动物的黏膜免疫机理与哺乳动物和鸟类不尽相同。

采用霍乱毒素-辣根过氧化物酶（CB-HRP）标记法，逆行追踪鸡输卵管蛋白分泌部初级感觉神经元位置。结果显示，两侧颈静脉神经节、结状神经节以及颈12至腰荐12脊神经节出现标记细胞，左侧的标记细胞明显多于右侧。在脊神经节的分布区域内，有两个相对集中区，分别位于胸5至腰荐2和腰荐8至腰荐10。颈静脉节和结状节的标记细胞数量比脊神经节的少。表明，鸡输卵管虽属单侧发育器官，但其蛋白分泌部接受双侧感觉神经的分布，只是以同侧（左侧）神经支配为主；感觉神经既经脊神经途径传入，也由迷走途径传入，但以前者为主，文中还对交感与副交感传入途径的优势现象进行了讨论。