采用共聚与复合两种制备工艺，分别制备出具有不同碱化度（B）和不同Al/Si摩尔比系列的商用聚硅氯化铝（PASiC）混凝剂，并分别采用颗粒粒径测定方法和流动电流（SC）测定技术研究比较了PASiC和聚合氯化铝（PAC）混凝剂的颗粒大小电动特性和凝聚絮凝动态过程。结果表明，Al/Si摩尔比B值和制备工艺影响PASiC的聚合和带电特性。Al/Si摩尔比越小和B值越大，PASiC的颗粒就越大；在相同的B值下，PASiC较PAC具有更大的颗粒粒径。PASiC的电中和能力较PAC有所下降，且Al/Si摩尔比越小，PASiC的电中和能力下降越多；与PAC相比，PASiC具有更快的凝聚絮凝速度和形成更大的絮体；且Al/Si摩尔比越小，PASiC形成的絮体就越大。

研究了阳离子膨润土（EPI-DM/Bt，PD/Bt，CTMAB/Bt）对分散染料（分散黄棕S-2RFL，分散大红S-R，分散蓝SBL，分散黄SE-6GFL）的吸附动力学行为结果表明，阳离子膨润土对分散染料的吸附过程符合二阶段吸附速率方程，各阶段具有不同的吸附动力学常数（k1，k2）以及吸附活化能（Ea1，Ea2）、活化焓（△H1*，△H2*）和活化熵（△S1*，△S2*）；在阳离子膨润土对分散染料的吸附过程中，k1随着阳离子插层剂烷烃链的增加而增大，表明较大的晶片层司距，疏水的层司域和表面正电荷增加均有利于吸附速率增大；对于两个吸附动力学阶段，△H 1*<Tav△S1*，△H2*<-Tav△S2*和△G*>0表明整个吸附过程活化熵的影响大于活化焓

The characterization of polyepicholorohydrin-dimethylamine/bentonite and the kinetics of adsorption of four disperse dyes, namely, DisperseYellow Brown S-2RFL (DYB S-2RFL), Disperse Red S-R (DR S-R), Disperse Blue SBL (DB SBL) and Disperse Yellow (DY SE-6GFL) ontoorganophilic bentonite (polyepicholorohydrin-dimethylamine/bentonite) have been studied at various solution concentrations and temperatures.The adsorption kineticswas studied in terms of a two-step first-order kinetic rate equation and intra-particle diffusion model. The adsorption processhas been found to followwith two different rate constants (k1 and k2) for two-step first-order kinetic rate equation and also two different intra-particlediffusion rate constants (kint1 and kint2) for intra-particle diffusion model. For both the kinetic steps, the energies of activation of adsorption (Ea1 andEa2) and other thermodynamic parameters (_H∗1 and _H∗2, _S∗1 and _S∗2, _G∗1 and _G∗2) have been calculated using Arrhenius’s and Eyring’sequation, respectively. It has been found that for both the adsorption kinetic steps, Ea1 and Ea2 are corresponding to the values of k1 and k2 and_H∗1 < −Tav _S∗1 , _H∗2 < −Tav _S∗2 and _G* > 0, which means that the influence of entropy is more remarkable than enthalpy in activationreaction and the adsorption process is not spontaneous.

The adsorption of cationic polymer, i.e., epicholorohydrin-dimethylamine polyamine (EPI-DMA), on bentonite particles wasinvestigated under various conditions of bulk polymer concentration, pH, inorganic salts, and temperature. The resulting highadsorption rate and alkaline solution (pH=7–11) effect indicated a strong electrostatic interaction between the clay particles and EPIDMAmolecules.Addition of salt can also influence the adsorption of EPI-DMA onto bentonite by affecting the clay particle sizes, thepolymer zeta potential and etc. The Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models were employed and fit the experimental data well in thelow EPI-DMA concentration range 0.5–5.0 mg L−1. The enthalpy implied by the temperature dependence of adsorption of EPI-DMAon bentonite is 7.93 kJ mol−1, suggesting that neither coordination exchange nor chemical bond forces exit in this system. In addition,at high temperatures, larger amounts of EPI-DMAwere adsorbed by bentonite, which indicated that increased entropy in the dissolvedEPI-DMA molecules contributes to adsorption. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that besides the EPI-DMA moleculesintercalated between the layers of bentonite, excess polymer molecules were adsorbed onto polymer loops protruding from the surfaceof the complex. The TGA and corresponding DSC plots demonstrated that the EPI-DMA polymer had intercalated into the clay layersand thus the EPI-DMA/bentonite was more hydrophobic than natural bentonite. With the addition of EPI-DMA polymer, thenegatively charged clay particles increased to a net positive charge and the capacity for dye removal also went up with increasingpolymer contents in EPI-DMA/bentonite complexes.

In this study, the cationic polyelectrolyte polyepicholorohydrin-dimethylamine (EPI-DMA) was intercalated into bentonite using ultrasonic.The structure of EPI-DMA/bentonite and its adsorption of Reactive Blue K-GL (RB K-GL) dye were investigated. Compared with raw bentonite,the EPI-DMA/bentonite had larger interlayer spacing and was more hydrophobic, providing with better surface properties for adsorption. Theadsorption of RB K-GL on EPI-DMA/bentonite was described by the adsorption models of Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevic. Theadsorption kinetics was analyzed using pseudo-first- and second-order kinetic models and intraparticle diffusion model. Results showed that boththe intraparticle diffusion and first-order adsorption occur in the initial period of adsorption, and that pseudo-second-order kinetic model was moresuitable for describing the whole adsorption process. The reaction rates were also calculated. The changes of free energy, enthalpy and entropy ofadsorption were evaluated for the adsorption of RB K-GL onto EPI-DMA/bentonite, suggesting that the adsorption process was spontaneous andexothermic.