利用热分解质谱法测定了中国东部新生代碱性玄武岩中流体挥发分的组成，并对不同温度段释放出的CO2气体测定了C、o同位素值。流体组成和CO2的C、O同位素值表明中国东部上地幔源区的不均一性，与其中所含幔源岩捕虏体相比，碱性玄武岩浆发育在相对氧化的环境中，并有外来流体组分的加入。

The composition of gases trapped in olivine, orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene in lherzolite xenoliths collected from different locations in eastern China has been measured by the vacuum stepped-heating mass spectrometry. These xenoliths are hosted in alkali basalts and considered as residues of partial melting of the upper mantle, and may contain evidence of mantle evolution. The results show that various kinds of fluid inclusions in therzolite xenoliths have been released at distinct times, which could be related to different stages of mantle evolution. In general, primitive fluids of the upper mantle (PFUM) beneath eaatem China are dominated by H2, CO2 and CO, and are characterized by high contents of H2 and reduced gases. The compositions of PFUM are highly variable and related to tectonic settings. CO, CO2 and H~are the main components of the PFUM beneath cratons; the PFUM in the mantle enriched in potassic metasomatism in the northern part of northeastern China has a high content of H2, while CO2 and SO2 are the dominant components of the PFUM in the Su-Lu-Wan (Jiangsu-Shandong-Anhui) region, where recycled crustal fluids were mixed with deeper mantle components. There are several fluids with distinct compositions beneath eastern China, such as primitive fluids of upper mantle (CO, CO2 and He), partial melting fluids (CO2 and CO) and metasomatic fluids mixed with recycled crustal fluids (CO2, N2, SO2 and CH4) etc. Fluids of the upper mantle beneath the North China craton are different from that of the South China craton in total gases and chemical compositions: the contents of the reduced gases of the PFUM in the NCC are higher than those in the SCC.

在幔源矿物的流体组分中含有一定数量的H2，这些H2在地球演化过程及地幔动力体系中起着十分重要的作用，其在幔源矿物中的赋存状态具重要的研究价值。本文用真空分步加热质谱法测定了河北大麻坪幔源二辉橄榄岩捕虏体中橄榄石。斟方辉石和单斜辉石中H2的释放量。根据其与样品破碎粒度、加热温度及挥发份总量间的关系。辅以红外吸收光谱，认为幔源矿物中H2的赋存状态以气液包裹体（特别是早期气液包裹体）为主，矿物结构中OH的比例相对较少。