质子交换膜燃料电池的水、热、气管理对其性能和寿命有非常重要的影响。计论了水、热、气管理的主要措施和它们对电池性能的影响。分析表明：对质子交换燃料电池物理机制认识的不足，是水、热、气管理水平较低的原因。应建立质子交换膜燃料电池的多尺度、多相、多物理场、动态仿真模型、模拟和优化，未提高其性能。

质子交换膜燃料电池的水、热、气管理对其性能和寿命有非常重要影响。本文重点讨论了水热、气管理主要措施和它们对电池性能的影响。分析表明，对质子交换膜燃料电池物理机制认识的不足是水、热、气管理水平低的原因，论文指出，应建立质子交换膜燃料电池的多尺度，多相，多埋场，动态仿真模型，进行分析，模拟和优化来提高其性能。

建立了一个燃料电池堆过气箱的维结构模型，应用计算流体的力学软件分析流场场。描述了空气箱中的典型流动，同时经讨论了影响空气箱内空气流动的主要因素。通过研究进气箱结构形状及尺寸对箱内空气流动的影响。发现来用合适的扩压型进口加流线型挡块可以使空气箱出口处空气流速地比较均匀。

The Ceramic/metal gradient thermal barrier Coating Design Software (CCDS) is developed for analyzing the heat transfer and the thermal stress in the coatings, and for designing the optimal coating schemes. The CCDS is developed according to software engineering methodology with Borland C builder 5.0 and has user friendly interface. it is composed of three functional modules preproccss module and post process module.initial data are input in the preproccss module, calculation of the temperature and thermal stress is carried out in the analysis module, and visualizatin is realized by the post proccss module. Calculation is carried out by analytical method. tinite difference method and finite element method. In addition, the CCDS is enhanced by attaching an optimization design module which completes optinization design for eeramic/metal gradient thernal barrier coatings by ANSYS Parameter Design language (APDL) or genetic algorithm. and an expert system module which may propose schemes and suggestions for coating design The CCDS is useful for the design of ceramic/metal gradient thenual battier coating.

The thermal shock experiment is important measure to evaluate the themal shock resis-lhcrmal shock I-csis-trance of ceramic/metal gradient thermal barrier coatings Two substrate materials and four coatingschemes were adopted to make the specimens. Before and after the thermal shock experiments, themicrostructure of specimcens was obsecrvcd. The heat transfer and the associated thermal: stresses prodtuceedin the thermal. shock procedure were simulated by finitc clement softwarc ANSYS. The simulation resultshowcd that the gradient coating scheme is much hetter than layered coating schemes andd (2Crl 3 is moresuitable than ICr18Ni9ti is substrate material. The experiment, rosults demonstrated that the largethermal shock stresses; and the large thermal stress gradient are the main reaons of erack initiation and propagation The finite elemetn.simulation agree with the theormal shock experiment results.