A kind of gradient thermal and environmental barrier coating (TBC-EBC) applied ininternal combustion engine is brought forward to improve its working reliability, emission behaviorand cconomical efficiency. The performance modeling for TBC-EBC is carried carried for heat transfer.thermal stress and calulytic reaction. The multi-layer plate model and multi-layer cylinder model areestablished for the simulations of heat transfer and thermal stress in the coatings. Both the theoreticalanalysis and the numerical analysis with multi-layer cylinder modek: are carried out and compared. lheanalysis results show good agreement. The reforming reaction model is also cstablished for catalylicperformance of the coatings based on kinetics choinical reaction and experiments

The thermal shock experiment is important measure to evaluate the themal shock resis-lhcrmal shock I-csis-trance of ceramic/metal gradient thermal barrier coatings Two substrate materials and four coatingschemes were adopted to make the specimens. Before and after the thermal shock experiments, themicrostructure of specimcens was obsecrvcd. The heat transfer and the associated thermal: stresses prodtuceedin the thermal. shock procedure were simulated by finitc clement softwarc ANSYS. The simulation resultshowcd that the gradient coating scheme is much hetter than layered coating schemes andd (2Crl 3 is moresuitable than ICr18Ni9ti is substrate material. The experiment, rosults demonstrated that the largethermal shock stresses; and the large thermal stress gradient are the main reaons of erack initiation and propagation The finite elemetn.simulation agree with the theormal shock experiment results.

Four Coating schemes and two substrate materials. i.e, 2Crl3 and 1Cr18Ni9Ti, are designed to evaluate the charaecteristics of the ceramic/metal gradient thermal barrier coating. For all the coating schemes, ZrO2 is used as ceramic and NiCr/Al as bond metal. The gradient coating is successfully prepared by plasma spray with single torch and single feeder. Tje coating and thermal residual stress, The coating micro-structure is observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Diffractive peaks for the gradient coating are got at different zone by X-ray spectroscopy (XRS). In the thermal shock test, the microstructure of the specimens is obscrved before and after the experiment, and cracks are found in the coatin post the experimetn. The thermal shock experiment shows that the thermal shock resistance property of the gradient coating is better than that of the non-gradient coating. The measurments of thermal residual stresses in different coating schemes are carried out by hole-drilling method. the results show that compressional stress resents on 1Cr18Ni9Ti substrate and tensile stress presents on 2Crl3 substrate.

质子交换膜燃料电池的水、热、气管理对其性能和寿命有非常重要的影响。计论了水、热、气管理的主要措施和它们对电池性能的影响。分析表明：对质子交换燃料电池物理机制认识的不足，是水、热、气管理水平较低的原因。应建立质子交换膜燃料电池的多尺度、多相、多物理场、动态仿真模型、模拟和优化，未提高其性能。

The multi-layer ceramic/metal gradient cylinder model is useful for many cnginceringcanses. The heat transfer in the cylinder with coating inside is calculated by analytical method andfinite clement method. The thcrmal stress in a single layer gradient cylinder suffering, eventemperature and a multi-layer gladient cylinder with coating inside suffering uneven temperature isrespectively analzed finite difference method, finite element method and zonced-uniform method.The results show that finite clement method agrees well With analytical method in thc heat transferanalysis; finite difference method, Iinitc clement method and zoned-uniform method agrcc well witheach Other in the thermal stress analysis.