A new hybrid system of solar powered water heater and adsorption ice maker has been proposed. The working principle of the combined cycles of solar refrigeration and heating is described, heoretical simulation to the thermodynamic processes has been made. Experiments have been performed in a eveloped prototype hybrid system; it is verified that the hybrid system is capable of heating 60kg water to about 908C as 2 well as producing ice at 10kg per day with a 2-m solar collector.

Heat transfer in a bath of subcooled superfluid helium is different if compared with that in other coolants, which is mainly related to the superfluid characteristics and also the three phases of gas helium (GHe), helium I liquid (HeI) and subcooled helium II liquid (HeIIp). A two step phase transition model is developed, in which the interface phenomena of GHe/HeI and HeI/HeII are considered. The model explains experimental results well.

Considering the basic heat transfer rules of superfluid helium and the phase diagram of helium, pressure effects on heat transfer to Hell are especially studied. If the bath pressure is less than λ-Pressure (Pλ), special peak heat flux desity relations are shown to correlate bath pressure, hydrostatic head and modified pressure items (van der Waals pressure and fountain pressure). If the bath pressure is greater than λ-pressure(P>Pλ), a generalized formula of peakflux density of Hellp bath is shown,.