A strictly maintained patrilineal family system makes virilocal marriage almost universal and uxorilocal marriage rare in the history of rural China. Uxorilocal marriage can be divided into two types that may be termed, respectively, contingent and institutional. The former preserves family lineages in families without a son and occurs when uxorilocal marriage is uncommon. The latter serves practical economic purposes in families with sons and occurs when uxorilocal marriage is relatively prevalent. Using data from a survey in two counties of Shaanxi-Lueyang, where both kinds of uxorilocal marriage are prevalent, and Sanyuan, where uxorilocal marriage is rare and usually contingent-this paper employs logistic regression models in a quantitative comparative study of determinants of uxorilocal marriage in rural China. We show that the purposes and prevalence of the two types of uxorilocal marriage differ and that their determinants are also different in the two counties. In Sanyuan, the determinants are only a couple's sibling composition, membership in a large family clan, and educational level. In Lueyang, in addition to those determinants in Sanyuan, important contributions to the type of uxorilocal marriage include a couple's parental marriage type, age at marriage, adoption status, marriage arrangement, and their attitudes toward uxorilocal marriage. The results indicate the potential importance of encouraging uxorilocal marriage in rural areas as a means of mitigating demographic and social problems related to son preference, such as high sex ratio at birth and lack of old-age security, which are projected for China's future.

中国历史上一直存在嫁娶和招赘两种婚姻形式。由于各种社会、经济、文化和人口因素的影响，在农村中嫁娶式婚姻占绝对主导地位，而招赘式婚姻则非常少见。本文利用陕西省略阳县和三原县的调查数据，对于应时性和制度性两种类型的招赘式婚姻的影响因素进行了比较研究。

本文根据陕西省泾阳县1994～1996年儿童死亡调查数据，分析当地农村女孩死亡水平偏高的人口特征、生成机制和产生原因，并探讨改善女孩生存环境的可能途径。分析结果表明，女孩在出生地点、疾病治疗等方面受到歧视，死亡水平偏高，对女孩的歧视比较普遍存在于各种家庭和社区中，但歧视对象具有一定的选择性。