Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are a group of enzymes catalyzing the conversion of aldehydes to the corresponding acids. In mammals and yeasts, at least two isozymes of ALDH are known to be involved in ethanol metabolism (cytosolic ALDHl and mitochondrial ALDH2). Although mitochondrial ALDH isozymes have previously been identified in several plants, such as maize and tobacco, it is unclear whether cytosolic ALDH isozymes also exist in plants. In this study, we identified and characterized a cDNA clone encoding aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDHIa) from rice (Oryza. saliva L. cv. Nipponbare). The open reading frame of this clone did not contain a typical mitochondrial targeting signal. Analysis of the subcellular localization of ALDHIa using green fluorescent protein (GFP) suggested that ALDHIa is a cytosolic enzyme rather than a mitochondrial enzyme. A genomic Southern hybridization indicated that sequences homologous to the ALDHIa gene are present in at least two regions of the rice genome. Amplification by RT-PCR showed that ALDH1a is expressed strongly in roots, but not in leaves, of rice seedlings, suggesting that ALDHIa functions in roots.

植物在进化过程中形成了对环境信号反应的能力，光是植物生长发育中的一个重要的环境信号。植物为了更好地生长和发育形成了精密的光信号接收和转导系统。本文对近年来光信号的接收系统即光受体、光信号的转导研究进展进行了综述。

以明晶等4个栽培品种及森林草莓、黄毛草莓和弗州草莓等3个野生种和类型为试材进行了该项研究。结果表明，用适宜剂量的激光和高压静电场处理父本野生草莓花粉可以克服草莓种间杂交不亲和性，显著提高座果率、杂种率和交配率，从而获得较多新的草莓种质资源。

利用高压静电场在接种之前处理明晶和明磊2个草莓品种的花药，可有效提高花药愈伤组织的诱导率、分化率和分化芽丛数，增加易产生花药苗的颗粒致密型愈伤组织的比率。在该试验所设场强范围内，最佳场强为244.0kV/m。

The expression of anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway genes was investigated in 'Nyoho' strawberry fruits during fruit development. Fruit color changed from pale-green to white about 3 weeks after anthesis (white-mature stage). At this stage, anthocyanins rapidly accumulated until the full ripe. Total soluble sugar content also increased after white-mature stage. This includes sucrose but not glucose and fructose levels that remained constant during ripening. The transcript level of phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL) and chalcone synthase (CHS) genes did not change markedly throughout the fruit development. The transcript level of chalcone isomerase (CHI) and dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) gene was high in the young fruit, decreased to an almost undetectable level at the white-mature stage, and then increased again until the fully ripe stage paralleling mostly the accumulation of anthocyanin. The latter corelation suggests the involvement of CHI and DFR in the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis during fruit ripening.