The leaching behavior of aldicarb among the complex pollution system composed of aldicarb and surfactant-sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) was studied by soil column. Distilled water was used to simulate rain in order to obtain the rainfall of 235mm for each time. Three simulations were carried out successively to give 705mm rainfall in all. The results of multistep leaching experiment showed that compared with control column, SDBS can increase the vertical distance of aldicarb moving and accelerate the leaching. As the concentration of SDBS increased from 250 to 500mg kg−1 of soil, not only the leaching depth of aldicarb increased by 20cm, but also below 10cm depth in soil column the concentration of aldicarb at the same depth increased obviously. This will enhance the danger of groundwater pollution. SDBS affected the leaching behaviour of aldicarb in soil by influencing its water solubility, adsorption capacity and degradation process. The mechanism of this complex effect has been discussed in this article.

An estuarine food chain of three trophic levels-algae (Platymonas sp.), rotifers (Brachionus plicatilis) and mysids (Neomysis awatschensis Brandt) was set up in laboratory in order to investigate contributions of water and food to the accumulation of butyltins in upper trophic organisms, as well as to evaluate the likelihood of biomagnification of butyltins through the aquatic food chain. Kinetics of bioaccumulation and depuration of butyltins through the food chain were studied. Bioconcentration factors of butyltins in the three organisms were high (103-104). Butyltin burdens in the upper trophic organisms at steady-state of bioaccumulation by the ingestion of tainted food exceeded those observed by exposure to water only. For total butyltins, food chain transfer number was 1.44 for algae to rotifers and 0.59 for rotifers to mysids, respectively. Biomagnification was not confirmed. It is concluded that whether or not biomagnification occurs depends not only on the property of compounds but also on the organisms involved.

本文通过分析一般QSBR 模型应用的特点、不足和影响有机物生物降解的基本因素，指出QSBR模型应综合反映影响有机物生物降解的四个方面（以氯代芳香化合物为例）：氯代苯系物的摄入、氯代苯系物的诱导作用、毒性物质的形成和基础酶的缺乏。在此基础之上给出了动态QSBR的概念模式及方法学基础。