通过测试和计算厚度、面密度、吸碱量、吸碱速率、表观密度、隔膜孔隙度及表面SEM 形貌特征，对6种镍氢电池隔膜（3种氟化隔膜和3种磺化隔膜)的物理性能进行了综合对比，分析了由这6种隔膜制成的相同正、负极的SC3000镍氢电池在15，20及30A下的放电性能；同时结合电池的循环寿命与荷电保持率，筛选出最适于镍氢电池大电流放电的磺化隔膜FV3。对电池大电流放电时隔膜所应具备的特性进行了概括总结，提出了一种评价隔膜特性对镍氢电池大电流放电性能影响的新方法，对动力型镍氢电池的研究与开发具有重要的参考价值。

容量衰减是阻碍尖晶石锂锰氧化物商品化的主要障碍，正极活性材料的溶解、电解液的分解、钝化膜的形成等现象会引起充放电过程中不必要的副反应，这将导致电池容量的损失及衰减。本文总结了以尖晶石Li-Mn-O为阴极材料的电池的各种衰减现象的机理，并对各种机理做了比较和评价。提出了减少容量衰减的几种方法，并对尖晶石Li-Mn-O的发展作出展望。

安全性是高容量及动力型锂离子电池商品化的主要障碍。当在热冲击、过充、过放、短路等滥用状态下，电池内部的活性物质及电解液等组分间将发生化学、电化学反应，产生大量的热量与气体，当积累到一定程度就会引起电池的着火、爆炸。本文综述了电池内部热量的来源和产生的原因，分析了电池在加热、过充、短路等状态下的爆炸机理，并提出了解决电池爆炸问题的具体措施。

The effect of doping on the electrochemical performance was studied for spinel type LiLo2MxMn2-QyO- used as cathode material in lithium-ion battery. TG/DTA curves of the precursor (the raw materials) doped with different elements were studied. The spinel materials Lil. 02Mn204, Li1. 02Coo. 02Cro. olLao. olMnL96Fo. 0203. 98, Li0. o2Coeo2Cro. ol L, %. oiMnl. 96Clo. oO3., Lilo2Coo1. 02LaLo2Mnl. 97Clo. 0203. 98, Lil. 02Coeo2CreolMnL9704, were prepared by solid-state reaction method after the pretreatment of conversion under low temperature and uniform mixing. X-ray diffraction patterns showed that all the samples had perfect spinel structure. SEM indicated that the particles of the samples had uniform size and were distributed evenly. The results of the charge/discharge curves showed that Lil. ozCoo. ozCro. olLao. olMn196Fo. ozO3 had better performance than other materials according to the inhibition of decline of reversible capacity of spinel LiLozMMnz-Q3-O4,.. Therefore, cycle performance had been improved so obviously that 93.9% of the initial capacity were preserved after 100 cycles. Furthermore, electrochemical impedance tests were carried out with the spinel Lil. o2Coo. ozCro. olLao. Mn196Fo. o203. 98 as working electrode, Lithium as counter elec- trode and reference electrode. Results showed that this material possessed good charge/discharge reversible capa- bility and had the lowest impedance in 3. 95-4. 25 V range (on the stage of charge/discharge).

采用高温固相法合成了掺杂改性的锂离子电池用尖晶石型LiMn2-X-Y CoxLay CO4-XLaO4-C1/C和复合型LiMn2-X-Y CoxLay CO4-XLaO4-C1/C正极材料，通过X射线衍射和环境扫描电镜对材料的晶体结构和表观形貌进行了分析，通过恒电流充放电测试和交流阻抗技术对材料的电化学性能进行了测试。实验结果表明，所制备的材料LiMn2-X-Y CoxLay CO4-XLaO4-C1/C和LiMn2-X-Y CoxLay CO4-XLaO4-C1/C均为单一的尖晶石结构，其中以葡萄糖作为碳添加剂所得的复合材料的电性能最佳。该材料具有良好的充放电循环可逆性能，以0.2C倍率充放电，首次放电比容量可达126.5mAh•g，充放电循环50次后平均放电比容量仍保持在123.5mAh•g以上，衰减不超过2.4%。