A self-developed laser image measurement system was established to study the behavior of bubble formation at a single orifice in non-Newtonian Polyacrylamide (PAAm) solutions. The images of bubbles were captured by a CCD camera and the volumes of bubbles were digitally analyzed on-line. The effects of rheological property of PAAm solution, orifice, reservoir and gas flowrate on the bubble formation were studied experimentally. It is found that the bubble volume increases with the concentration of PAAm solution, the diameter of the orifice and the gas flowrate, respectively, whereas little effect by reservoir is observed in experiments.

The diffusion of amino acids in aqueous solution was investigated experimentally by a holographic interferometric technique where the real-time holographic interference fringes indicating the concentration profiles of the liquid were obtained by an automatic photographing and memorizing program. The reliability of the instrument was verified by the measurement of the diffusion coefficient of KCl and sucrose in aqueous solution at 298.15K. Furthermore, the diffusion coefficients of glycine, L-alanine, L-valine, L-isoleucine, L-serine, L-threonine, and L-arginine in aqueous solution at 298.15K were measured, and the affecting factors of molecular structure and polarity were analyzed and discussed. In addition, on the basis of the Gordon model of the diffusion coefficient in the literature, a new semiempirical model was proposed to predict the liquid diffusion coefficients of amino acids in aqueous solutions. The equation parameters were fitted by the experimental data of seven amino acids in this work and four in the literature.

A concept that the driving force of gas-liquid interphase mass transfer comes from the interfacial non-equilibrium is proposed in this paper. For the absorption process, based on the general chemical potential driving force equation, the concentration relation between two phases at interface is derived and solved under dierent conditions as mass transfer occurs, it shows that the interfacial concentration of absorbed component at liquid side is strongly aected by a Biotnumber YO and is bulk concentration dependent. The CO2 interfacial concentration of liquid side in stationary absorption by pure methanol, ethanol and n-propanol absorbent respectively are measured by the use of micro laser holographic interference technique, the experimental results are in good agreement with the computation.

Abstract The amino acids are necessarily nutritious components. their diflusions in body fluid and blood that be-long to typical non. Newtonian fluid are of virtual importance to control the diflusive process an d help clinical treatment. In this article. a holoaphic interferometer has been adopted to measure the diffusivity of amino acids in non. Newtonian fluid with the use of rea1. time holographic interference technique. In oIder to prove the reliability of the experimenml instrument. the diflusivities of sucrose aqueous solution at 298. 15K were determined. The meas-ured resultdisplays a satisfactory accuracyofthe apparatusused. Furthermore, thedifusion coeficients ofglynine, L. serine. L. threonine and L. valine in polyacrylamide(1 AM)aqueous solution at 298. 15K were measned, respec- tively. The experimental data were fitted by a newly propo sed correlation equation based on Li’s predictive mode1. The calculating results by me present model ale at considerably good agreement with experimental values, and the maximum average deviation is only 0.5%.

Absorption of gaseous species into stationary droplets is a fundamental interest of mass transfer between liquid droplets and ambient gas, which plays a key role in atmospheric environment control and many indus trial applications. In this paper, two different considerations including equilibrium and non-eq uilibrium relations at the interface are used to analyze and predict the absorption time for a physical absorption at a relatively low so lubility of gas. For the equilibrium pattern, in the beginning period of absorption, the mass transfer rate is considerably rapid and afterward becomes slower and slower and finally comes to almost zero as the droplet concentration closes to the saturated value. Diferently, when the non-eq uilibrium model is adopted, the interfac ial concentration increases grad ually with the bulk concentration of liquid droplet, and the absorption rate mildly decelerates with the increase of bulk one throughout the process, which lead s to a longer absorption time. Bas ed on the difus ion eq uation of species, the concentration distribution within the droplet at ditierent times is computed. A solution for CO2 abso rption into a small water droplet is given.