The distribution and abundance of viable resting eggs of copepod Acartia pacifica in Xiamen Bay, China, were determined in the laboratory by the presence of nauplii hatched from the sediments. Sediment cores to a depth of 30cm, sliced at 1.0cm intervals, showed that most viable resting eggs of A. pacifica occurred near the sediment surface (0-5cm), and the number of viable eggs sharply decreased with depth of the sediment, although resting eggs remained viable as deep as 23cm. 210Pb analyses of the sediments indicated that the maximum age of viable eggs of A. pacifica was 20.5 years and the mean egg age was 4.3 years. The egg mortality of A. pacifica in the sediment was 0.1408 year-1, or 85.92% annual egg survival, calculated by regressing ln (egg density) on the age of the sediment. The horizontal distribution of viable resting eggs ranged from 2.27×103 to 3.85×105m-2, with a mean value of 9.49×104m-2. Regressions between viable eggs of A. pacifica and all fine-fraction particle size classes (at 2μm intervals) were not significant. The accumulation of viable resting eggs that can persist for an extended period of time provided evidence for the existence of an egg bank of A. pacifica in the seabed of Xiamen Bay.

In June and November 1988 samples were collected by the improved Manta neuston net at 18 stations in the soutbem Taiwan Strait. One hundred and two species and variations of phytoneuston are identified. Total individuals of phytoneuston in June are more than those in November. The horizontal distribution of phytoneuston is that the dense area occurs in the southern Taiwan Bank in June, while it appears in the western Taiwan Bank in November. The diel variations of phytoneuston are very obvions. The maximum abundance of phytoneuston occurs in the afternoon (16:00), and the minimum at midnight which is opposite to zconeuston. The relationships between phytoneuston and environment, and between phytoneuston and zooneuston are also discussed.

The carbon and nitrogen budgets were estimated on the adult females, juveniles and post furcilia larvae of Pseudeuphausia sinica fed on newly hatching nauplii of Artemia salina in the laboratory. It was found that the ingestion rate was linearly related to the food concentration, suggesting high feeding potential. The linear correlation could be established between the respirating rate (carbon consumption rate) and carbon ingestion rate, as well as carbon assimilation rate. The regression coefficients (i.e. specific dynamic action coefficients) were in the range from 9% to 16% (ingested C) or 10% to 17% (assimilated C) respectively, with lower in the post-furcilia larvae. There also existed a linear correlation equation between estimated total nitrogen excretion rate and the rates of nitrogen ingestion and assimilation separately, except for the juveniles. The defecation rates increased with the increase of the ingestion rate; as a result, assimilation efficiency was not related to the ingestion rate, ranging from 0.84 to 0.95. The results inducated that the nitrogen content in food particles was a key factor limiting the growth of P. sinica. The critical ingestion rate was 10p.gN

本文在分析厦门港中华哲水蚤元素组成基础上，研究其各项生理速率并估算碳氮收支。结果表明：摄食率与饵料含量呈线性相关，未发现饱和摄食。同化效率介于92%～96%之间。与饵料含量及摄食率无关，呼吸率与摄食率及同化率均呈线性相关，其SDA系数介于摄入碳量的9.3%（m/m）或同化碳量的9.9%（m/m）。总氮排泄率随摄食率与同化率的提高而呈线性增加，随着摄食率的提高，分配给卵生产的能量也增多，二者呈线性相关。饵料中N含量是厦门港中华哲水蚤生长的主要限制因子，当其对N的摄食率低于10.5×10-3（m/m）/d时，动物“负”生长。

By exposure to 12×10-3mol/dm3K+ for 24h, more than 90% of planktonic larvae of Babylonia formosae and B. areolata were effectively induced to metamorphose completely. 15×10-3mol/dm3K+exerted toxic effect on larval B. areolata over a 24-h period, but produced better results of induction by 12h exposure. Metamorphosed juveniles induced by increased by K+could move and feed normally. Percent metamorphosis increased with average shell height for K+-induced larvae. L-DOPA, epinephrine and norepinephrine ranging from 5.5×10-6 to 5.5×10-5mol/dm3 had no inductive activity to metamorphosis in larval B. areolata, whereas the rate of metamorphosis induced by dopamine at a concentration of 10-4mol/dm3 was approximately half less than that by 12×10-3mol/dm3K+. TEA (a K+-channel blocker) did not inhibit metamorphosis in the two Babylonia larvae by induction of K+. Based on the results of K+-induced experiments, it is preliminarily suggested that shell height of larvae achieving metamorphic competence was in the range of 860.2～1009.8μm for B. fbrmosae, and 849.6～956.0μm for B. areolata. In addition, planktonic larvae of the two Babylonia had delayed metamorphosis.