The diffusion coefficient of hydrogen atoms in the studied alloys was electrochemically measured by chronoanr perometry when the metallic hydride microelectrodes were completely discharged. It is found that the diffusion coefficient of hydrogen atoms decreases when cobalt is substituted for a minority of nickel. On the contrary, the diffusion coefficient increases with the partial substitution of manganese or aluminumfor nickel, which is related to the lattice constant and cell volumes of hydrogen absorbing alloys. The lattice constant c is obviously affected by the substitute elements greatly. The result shows that the expansion of cell volume resulted from the increase of value c causes the increase of diffusion coefficient which is especially obvious when the lattice constant is relatively low. However, this relationship is not clear if the lattice constant increases to some extent. It is suggested that this phenomenon is related to the interaction of hydrogen atoms with metallic atoms.

Nanosized SnO2 powders were prepared by sol-gel process using inorganic salt as a precursor. The tin oxide powders obtained at different calcinating temperatures (300-700℃) were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectrum (IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) as well. The results indicate that well-crystallized nanosized SnO2 powders with a structure of rutile and uniform size about 10nm can be obtained when the calcinating is carried out at 550℃ for 3h using the method. The electrochemical properties of nanosized SnO2 powders as anode material for lithium ion batteries were also studied in detail. The results show that nanosized SnO2 is a candidate of anode material for lithium ion batteries with reversible capacity more than 372mA•h/g after ten cycles and low voltage for Li+ intercalation and de2intercalation.

Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7 (PO4)3 thin films were successfully prepared by the solution deposition using lithium acetate, aluminum nitrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and titanium butoxide as starting materials. The structure, surface morphology, electrochemical window, and ionic conductivity of the films were studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry and AC impedance. The results showed that Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7 (PO4)3 thin films annealed between 750℃ and 900℃ prepared by this method were well crystallized, homogenous and crack-free. The electrochemical window was beyond 2.4V and the ionic conductivity was approximately 1.57×10-5S/cm at room temperature for the film annealed at 800℃ for 30min.

为了探明取代元素对非化学计量AB5型贮氢合金氢化物电极充放电性能的影响因素，对LaNi5.15，La（NiSn）5.14，La（NiSnCo）5.12，La（NiSnMn）5.12和La（NiSnCoMnAl）5.10开展了电极过程动力学的研究。采用线性极化的方法，控制电极过电势小于5mV，测量出不同荷电容量下电化学反应的交换电流密度。电极在满充电状态下i0并非最大，当电极部分放电后该值达到最大。对Co，Mn或Al部分取代形成的非化学计量多元贮氢合金的交换电流密度研究表明，Co有利于提高i0，而Mn和Al不利于提高i0。当氢化物电极中贮氢容量较小时，电极反应的交换电流密度与电极中贮氢容量存在对数值的线性关系。对于具有几乎一致的电极反应电子传递系数β的La（NiSn）5.14，La（NiSnCo）5.12，La（NiSnMn）5.12，La（NiSnCoMnAl）5.10氢化物电极，造成交换电流密度差异来源于热力学吸附平衡常数K0与反应活化能W0。含Al贮氢合金K0较低，这是影响交换电流密度的主要因素。对K0值接近的3种贮氢合金La（NiSn）5.14，La（NiSnCo）5.12，La（NiSnMn）5.12，活化能W0是造成交换电流密度不同的主要原因。

Cathode material LiMn2O4 thin films were prepared by aqueous solution deposition using lithium acetate and manganese acetate as starting materials. The structures, morphologies, and the first discharge specific capacity of the thin films were investigated as a function of annealing temperature and time. The cycling properties of the thin films were also examined. The results show that LiMn2O4 thin films prepared by this method are homogenous and crackfree. The thin film annealed at 750℃ for 30min has good rechargeability. The capacity loss per cycle is about 0.05% after being cycled 100 times.