提出了一种微观图像的特征识别方法。该方法基于图像微观特征的随机性和唯一性，分为微观图像的特征提取和图像识别两部分，主要包括对宏观图像的放大、微观图像的数据采集、数字图像二值化、图像特征信息的提取、数据的归一化处理、特征模板的保存和比较识别。文中介绍了各部分的步骤、特征提取的算法以及图像识别的最大误差限准则。提出的算法能有效地提取所处理图像的微观特征并加以识别。图像识别实验表明，该方法的识别率达到100%，可用于文件的真伪性辨别及防伪。

An approach for moire deflectometry based on Fourier-transform analysis is described. Fourier-transform is used for analyzing and evaluating both infinite and finite moire deflectograms. Deflections in two orthogonal directions are integrated to reconstruct the tested surface. Aleast square fitting is used in finite moire deflectogram to eliminate declination error caused by inclination between two Ronchi grating lines. Results from experiments of aspheric surface measurement based on this approach have proved its effectiveness.

The encoding method has a considerable influence on the resolution, speed, and robustness of structured light measurement systems. Asynthetic encoding method based on spatial and temporal encodings is presented. The method can achieve a spatial resolution of 231 codewords with only five projected images, which would require many more images if other binary codes were employed. The encoding and decoding processes are given, and experimental results verify the robustness and the reliability of the method. It is concluded that the combination of spatial and temporal information can further improve the efficiency of the encoding and make it more flexible in different applications of 3-D object profile measurement.

A method of 2-dimensional phase-unwrapping by blocks is presented in this paper. This method combines the advantages of both conventional phase-unwrapping algorithm and cellular-automata unwrapping algorithm. With this concept, a fast, robust and stable phase unwrapping for phase maps of different sizes can be achieved by utilising different algorithms for different conditions. Acriterion is described for judging whether a period-two oscillatory state is reached by local iterations. In addition, a phase dislocation masking method is described in this paper, which can be used to detect and clean large dislocations, improving the rms values of signal-to-noise ratio in unwrapped phase maps.

本文针对非球面莫尔测偏法提出了采用相移技术结合傅里叶变换进行数据处理的新方法。在对莫尔条纹图作二维傅 里叶变换后可获取相应于被测表面高度的相位信息，然后用相移来确定该相位信息的正负号，以最终正确重构被测表面的二维形貌。对有限宽莫尔条纹图因栅线夹角引起的倾斜项误差采用最小二乘法加以剔除。用该法进行了非球面测量。