为找到一种除磷的高效吸附剂，通过铁盐与铈盐的混合溶液与碱溶液反应合成了对水溶液中磷酸盐具有高效吸附作用的吸附剂粉末。经正交试验发现，盐溶液中铁、铈离子含量是影响除磷效果的最重要因素，此外合成温度、干燥温度也对吸附性能有一定影响。通过各种测试证明，结晶破碎是复合除磷剂比表面积增大的主要原因，而比表面积增大又是高效吸附除磷的主要原因。

A self-forming dynamic membrane (SFDM) method that used the biomass layer formed on a coarse mesh to effect solid-liquid separation was proposed. A 100-

采用普通微网材料加工的过滤组件与生物反应器一起构成动态膜-生物反应器，研究了微网上所形成的生物动态膜的过滤性能。生物动态膜所具有的较强截留能力主要是由附着的凝胶层产生。动态膜对相对分子质量<3×10 3至>1×10 5的各个级别的溶解性有机物都有30%～60%的截留率，但过滤的精度并不很高，不能完全截留相对分子质量大于1×10 5的溶解性有机物。已经覆盖有凝胶层的膜片与未使用过的新膜片的清水过滤阻力几乎相等，约为119×10 9m-1，由滤饼产生的过滤阻力占运行中动态膜片总过滤阻力的绝大部分，新膜片在清水通过时有明显的初始阻力，而有凝胶层覆盖时的膜片几乎没有初始过滤阻力。

In the present study, an orthogonal array design was adopted to investigate effects of operational parameters including aeration intensity, membrane flux, suction time and non-suction time on sludge accumulation on membrane surfaces respectively at a high SS concentration of 10g 1-l and a low SS concentration of 1g I-1 in a submerged membrane bioreactor. Average transmembmne pressure (TMP) increase rate over the operation time was used to evaluate sludge accumulation. Among the four factors, membrane flux was found to influence Th4P the most obviously. The effect of aeration intensity became significant only at a high SS concentration of 10g I-1TMP increased with suction time and decreased with non-suction time. There was a critical membrane flu over which sludge particles were deposited, and accordingly, ThW increased sharply. Two zones, predicting whether sludge particles are deposited or not, could be comprehensively determined by the critical flux, correspondent aeration intensity and SS concentration. For long-term stable operation, it is suggested that a membrane bioreactor be operated in the zone with prediction of no obvious sludge deposit on membrane surfaces.