考虑储位分配的共轨双提升机与穿梭车协同调度问题
首发时间:2026-09-09
摘要:针对穿梭车立体仓库存在的出入库效率低下、多设备协同调度失衡等问题,本文以共轨双提升机穿梭车存取系统为研究对象,开展考虑储位分配的共轨双提升机与穿梭车协同调度优化研究。首先,以最小化总完工时间为目标,构建融合储位分配、任务排序和多设备协同调度的混合整数规划模型;其次,结合本文储位-调度联合优化特性,设计了6种算子对采用自适应大邻域搜索求解储位分配与任务序列,采用动态规划求解提升机分配和作业时序,在此基础上设计了基于自适应大邻域搜索和动态规划的两阶段求解算法;最后,数值仿真结果表明,本文所提算法的求解质量整体上优于精确算法、禁忌搜索算法、变邻域搜索算法和模拟退火算法;与两阶段优化策略相比,储位分配与设备调度的联合优化策略具有更优的求解性能。敏感性分析结果显示,相较单提升机系统,双提升机配置可使总完工时间平均缩短53.53%; 当任务数量与空储位比例超过0.45时,完工时间会显著增加;而穿梭车与提升机速度比为1.5:1时,完工时间明显较少. 研究结果可为穿梭车立体仓库的储位优化与多设备协同调度提供理论支撑与工程参考.
关键词: 共轨双提升机 穿梭车存取系统 储位分配 自适应大邻域搜索 动态规划
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On the Coordinated Scheduling Problem of the Shared-Rail Dual Lifts and Shuttles Considering Storage Location Assignment
Abstract:To address the issues of low in/outbound efficiency and imbalanced multi-device coordination scheduling in shuttle-based automated warehouses, this paper focuses on the shuttle-based storage and retrieval system equipped with shared-rail dual lifts, and investigates the coordinated optimization problem integrating the storage allocation assignment with shared-rail dual lifts and shuttles scheduling. First, a mixed-integer programming model is established to minimize the total completion time integrating the coordination of storage allocation assignment, task allocation and multi equipments scheduling. Second, leveraging the joint optimization characteristics of storage and scheduling, the task sequence and storage allocation are solved by using adaptive large neighborhood search with six neighborhood operators, while the elevator task allocation and operation sequence are solved by using dynamic programming, leading to a two-stage optimization algorithm. Finally, numerical simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms exact methods, tabu search, variable neighborhood search, and simulated annealing in overall solution quality. Compared with the stepwise two-stage optimization strategy, the integrated optimization approach combining storage allocation and equipment scheduling achieves superior performance. Sensitivity analysis shows that compared to single-lift system, the dual-lift configuration reduces average total completion time by 53.53%. When the ratio of tasks to available storage locations exceeds 0.45, the total completion time increases significantly; however, when the speed ratio between shuttles and lifts is 1.5:1, the total completion time is notably reduced. The findings provide theoretical support and practical guidance for storage optimization and multi-device coordination in shuttle-based warehouses.
Keywords: the shared-rail dual lifts the shuttle-based storage and retrieval system, storage location assignment adaptive large neighborhood search dynamic programming
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考虑储位分配的共轨双提升机与穿梭车协同调度问题
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