The Liulin karst system is typical of hydrogeological systems in northern China, with a group of springs as the dominant wayof regional groundwater discharge. Surface water leakage into groundwater has been observed in six sections of the rivers in thestudy area. To extract hydrogeological information from hydrochemical data, 29 water samples were collected from the system.On a trilinear diagram, most of the groundwater samples are clustered around the surface waters, indicating the effect of leakageon their chemistry. R-mode factor analysis was made on seven variables (Na, Ca, Mg, SO4, C1, HCO3, and NO3) of the samplesand three principal factors were obtained: the F1 factor is composed of Ca, Mg and SO4, the F2 of HCO3 and NO3, and the F3 ofNa and C1. These factors are then used as regionalized variables in ordinary Kriging for unbiased estimates of the spatialvariations of their scores. Considering regional hydrogeological conditions, the hydrogeological implications of the spatialdistribution of the factor scores as related to the effects of the surface leakage are discussed. To evaluate the geochemicalprocesses, the geochemical modeling code NETPATH was employed. The modeling results show that mixing commonlyoccurs in the system and dolomite dissolution is more important than calcite dissolution. Dedolomitization (calcite precipitationand dolomite dissolution driven by anhydrite dissolution) is locally important, in the western flank of the system where thesurface water leakage has the least effect.