Objectives: The effects of Chinese rhubarb on the experimental hyperlipoidemia were observed in rabbits. Methods: Thirty healthy male white rabbits were divided randomly into five groups: negative control group, rabbits were fed with common diet; experimental groups: the rabbits were fed with high lipid diet and administrated Introgastrically with different dosage of extracts of Chinese rhubarb (0.24, 0.7, 2.1 g/kg body weight); positive control group: the rabbits were fed with high lipid diet but no rhubarb extracts were administrated. Rabbits were fed for 10 weeks. Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density poprotien cholesterol (HDL-C), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDC-C) were determined in the beginning, the middle and the end of this experiment. Results” 1. TC concentration in experimental and positive groups were significantly higher than that of negative control group (P<0.01), which indicated the model was successfully made. Tc concentration in experimental groups were not significantly lower than that of the positive group except the high mubarb group in the middle period. (P<0.05). 2. TG concentration in negative control group was 1.11±0.20, 1.13±0.19; 1.12±0.23mmol/L at 0, 5 and 10 weeks, respectively. Ohterwise, the TG concentration at 10 weeks was 9.62±5.85m 4.37±1.54, 4.15±2.48, 4.27±1.60mmol/L in positive and experimental groups respectively. Compared with the positive group. TG concentration in experimental groups was significantly decreased in the same period especially at the 10 weeks after rhubarb administration (P<0.01). 3. At 10 weeks after rhubarb administration, LDL-C concentration was 1.05±0.20, 9.73±1.79m 7.16±0.88, 7.29±1.60, 6.35±0.69 in negative, positive and experimental group. Compared with the positive group, rhubarb could significantly reduced (P<0.01) the LDL-C concentration. 4. HDL-C concentration in the experimental groups was higher than that of positive group in the same period (P<0.01). Conclusion: This study indicated that Chinese rhubarb could decrease TG and LDL-C, and increase HDL-C in the atherosclerotic rabbits. The results above suggested that Chinese rhubarb has antiaherosclerotic effect. (Acknowledgements: This work is supported by Grant-in-Aids from the National Natural Science Fundation of China (No. 10572029).