Stepped spillway is one of the idea forms to increase oxygen content in water body for hydraulic and environmental engineering. The effect factors on aeration rate in the water flow is closely related with the height, slope of step and water depth of the flow over stepped spillway. The relation between aeration rate and the effect factors mentioned above is developed. The aeration rates of 35 working conditions in the water flows over stepped spillways are simulated using numerical model. The simulated results are compared with experimental data by Chanson. It has shown that the simulated results are fairly coincident with experimental data. The study provides solid theoretical fundament on optimum design of spillways to increase oxygen content in water body.

应用CFD方法对规划的建筑群进行小气候数值模拟，预测规划方案使楼宇、街区小气候发生的改变，以趋利避害，是一种经济、有效的研究手段。文中试图探讨CFD在规划设计中应用的具体实施方法。通过对个案的研究，揭示CFD在规划设计中所能扮演的角色。CFD可以通过在规划初始阶段的介入，为规划设计人员提供指导性参考，使规划更能体现以人为本的设计思想。

A Direct Method for Optimization (DMO) is developed for investigating pressure rise and energy loss in a vaneless diffuser of a generic compressor used in shipboard airconditioning systems. The scheme uses Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) results and evaluates gradients of a predetermined objective function. The current Direct Method for Optimization differs from the popular Inverse Design Method in the process of obtaining final configurations and in the final configurations obtained. The Direct Method for Optimization achieves a final shape from maximizing/minimizing a nonlinear function, i.e., the objective function. Both gradient and nongradient Direct Methods for Optimization are compared with respect to accuracy and efficiency. The coupled DMO/RANS optimization code is benchmarked using a plane turbulent diffuser also investigated by Zhang et al. using an adjoint method. The benchmark indicates that if a global optimum exists, the result should be independent of the methodologies or design parameters used. The DMO/RANS method is applied to redesign a three-dimensional centrifugal vaneless diffuser used in a modern generic compressor. The objective function is a composite function of the diffuser’s pressure rise and total energy loss. The new optimum diffuser has a minimum width at a location far beyond the conventional diffuser pinch point. The new diffuser also provides an efficient section for pressure recovery, which takes place after the minimum width location. Test data for the new diffuser validate the current approach at the design condition. Furthermore, improved performance is also recorded experimentally at off-design conditions for the optimized diffuser.

The equilibrium-perturb technique was used in the flume reaeration experiment. The interfacial mass transfer coefficients of DO were obtained by implementation of the oxygen-flux theory in the study. The turbulence characteristics of the flowfield were investigated by numerical simulation approach. The expression of interfacial mass transfer coefficient related with velocity and turbulence kinetic energy was built. Examination with the experimental datum of different cases showed the validation of the expression.

国家重点实验室的信息管理系统由于其人员组成和管理方式而具有其特殊性。本文介绍高速水力学国家重点实验室的信息管理系统的构建方案。该方案具有信息随处可得; 分布式维护管理; 与国家实验室管理方式接轨; 注重信息安全等特点。

本文根据城市河流的特点，简述了生态水力学的基本原理及其在当今城市河流保护及修复中的应用，详细介绍了公园式生态池塘的构想，提出了通过改变河流的水力特性、调整品种结构和修建公园式生态池塘3 种途径改善城市河流现状的对策。

根据苯甲酸类化合物在水体中不同时间的生化需氧量，用线性和非线性拟合法对化合物生物降解随时间变化的动力学过程进行曲线拟合，得到各化合物2个数值不同的完全生化需氧量、生物降解速率常数和生物降解滞后期。根据各化合物2种不同的生物降解动力学模型所得到的生化需氧量拟合值与实测值的误差相比较，发现用非线性法拟合得到的有机物生物降解动力学模型，更符合化合物真实生物降解规律，因此用非线性法拟合化合物的生物降解动态变化，比用线性方法更精确。

The Ertan hydropower station at the Yalong River of Southwest Sichuan Province. It is one of the biggest installed capacity hydropower stations in China. The main stream reservoir length reaches 145km and the branch Ganyu River reaches 40km under normal storage level. The reservoir surface covers 101km-area, and has 5.8 billonm3 capacity. It began water storage since May 1998. The first generator was in operation in August 1998. The project was finished at 2000. The Ertan reservoir is a typical riverway style one. In order to understand the thermal effect, Dissolved Oxygen (DO) distribution and outlet flow temperature under reservoir storage condition, three field measurements were carried out in January, April, and July of 2000, respectively. The measured results are analyzed in the paper. The results will provide reserchers a valuable data set for calibration of mathematical model and realistic understanding for stratified flow issue and DO profiles in a large scale deep reservoir.

城市河流在城市及周边地区经济发展和生态保护中地位十分重要。网络生态水库系统可以克服我国水资源时空分配不均的弊端，优化水资源配置，满足各城市生产生活需要，实现可持续发展。

对多宾斯-坎普（Dobbins-Camp）水质模型进行了修正；并分别运用传统多宾斯-坎普模型和修正模型，对某河段实测资料进行BOD、D（氧亏）计算，比较两者之间的异同，及分析溶解氧对有机物降解的影响。