北祁连—河西走廊志留系包括下志留统鹿角沟砾岩和肮脏沟组、中志留统泉脑沟山组和上志留统旱峡组，泥盆系包括中、下泥盆统老君山组和上泥盆统沙流水组。鹿角沟砾岩为水下冲积扇沉积，断续分布于北祁连西段。肮脏沟组在北祁连—河西走廊分布广泛，主要为半深海碎屑复理石沉积。泉脑沟山组和旱峡组分布于北祁连—河西走廊西段，前者以浅海相砂泥岩和泥灰岩为主，后者以滨海潮坪—浅海碎屑岩沉积为主。老君山组分布于古祁连山山前和山间盆地，为粗碎屑磨拉石沉积。沙流水组分布于河西走廊东段，为湖相沉积。区域古地理分析表明，北祁连—河西走廊志留纪和泥盆纪的古地理主要受北祁连加里东—早海西期不规则造山作用控制。鹿角沟砾岩标志着弧—陆碰撞最早发生于早志留世早期。早志留世北祁连—河西走廊由弧后残余盆地向前陆盆地转化。中、晚志留世北祁连东段剧烈造山并与阿拉善古陆连接，前陆盆地限于北祁连—河西走廊西段。志留纪末期为北祁连的主造山期，泥盆纪形成高峻的古祁连山。早、中泥盆世形成山前和山间盆地的粗碎屑磨拉石沉积。晚泥盆世造山带西段造山作用剧烈，形成剥蚀区。东段造山作用微弱，山地被剥蚀，山前形成湖泊相的晚泥盆世沉积。

北祁连造山带位于华北板块西南缘，是柴达木微板块与华北板块碰撞形成的加里东造山带。北祁连肃南百泉门一边马沟位于北祁连西段，跨奥陶纪弧后盆地、岛弧、海沟俯冲杂岩等构造带和百泉门—九个泉、大岔大坂、边马沟3个蛇绿岩带。北祁连肃南—带奥陶系主要分布阴沟组地层，主要为中基性火山岩、火山碎屑岩夹硅质岩、大理岩、变质泥岩(板岩或片岩)及砂岩。硅质岩的沉积地球化学研究表明，边马沟与大洋俯冲蛇绿杂岩共生的硅质岩、大岔大坂与岛弧蛇绿岩共生的硅质岩及九个泉、百泉门与弧后蛇绿岩共生的硅质岩均形成于大陆边缘盆地的构造背景，但硅质岩稀土元素特征反映其受陆源影响不明显，为远离陆源的深水盆地沉积。推测北祁连奥陶纪处于多岛洋的构造背景，北祁连奥陶纪存在宽阔、多岛的古洋盆。

Earthquake and its resultant tsunami, as a kind of disaster events in geological history, may be recorded as event deposits of seismite and tsunamite. Typical characteristics of seismite and tsunamite, including seismo-fracture bed, synsedimentary microfracture, micro-corrugated lamination, molar tooth structure, hummocky bedding etc, occurs in Mesoproterozoic Dalongkou Formation in central Yunnan Province. Three types of sedimentary units have been recognized: seismite (unit-A, including limestone with molar tooth structure, seismic shattering rock, seismic corrugated rock, autoclastic breccia and intraclastic parabreccia), tsunamite (unit-B, intraclastic limestone with hummocky bedding or parallel bedding) and background deposits (unit- C). Various stacking of these units constructs three distinct sedimentary sequences::A-B-C、A-C、B-C. The sequence A-B-C represents an event sedimentary sequence of earthquake-tsunami-background deposits. The sequence A-C represents the sequence of earthquake and background deposits (no tsunami occurring). The sequence B-C represents the sequence of tsunami and background deposits (far from the center of earthquake). As the central Yunnan province was located in a tectonic setting of rift basin in Mesoproterozoic era, the earthquake event deposits of Dalongkou Formation are sedimentary response to tectonic activity of the rift basin.

“三河口群”分布于南秦岭西段、陕甘川交界的勉县—略阳—康县—文县临江—南坪塔藏一带, 其南北均为断裂带限制。过去,“三河口群”的研究在史密斯地层学的理论指导下, 整体时代认为是下、中泥盆统。在非史密斯地层学理论的指导下, 对勉略带“三河口群”进行了解体, 建立了该带的原地和异地地层系统。新的地层系统包括了从太古界到石炭系不同时代的地层, 该地层系统揭示了南秦岭古海洋和大地构造演化过程: 南秦岭晚震旦世—早寒武世为扬子板块的一部分, 奥陶纪—志留纪时期沿南秦岭勉县—略阳—安康—随县(南) 形成裂陷槽盆地, 该盆地于中晚志留世有所萎缩但尚未完全关闭。泥盆纪时期该裂陷槽进一步开裂并形成有限洋盆, 石炭纪洋盆出现向南的俯冲。该洋盆可能在二叠纪仍然存在, 于印支期最终闭合。