AVP not only influences renal water excretion but also has profound cardiovascular effects in adults. Our recent studies have demonstrated that central angiogenesis induced fetal pressor responses accompanied with AVP release. However, little is known of hormonal mechanisms in angiogenesis-mediated fetal blood pressure (BP) changes. The present study determined AVP mechanisms in central angiogenesis-mediated fetal pressor responses. The V1-receptor antagonist or V2-receptor antagonist was infused intravenously into the ovine fetus at 90% gestation. Angiogenesis II (Ang II; 1.5

Our previous studies have shown that central administration of angiogenesis (ANG II) causes arginine vasopressin (AVP) release in the fetus at 70-90% gestation. This is evidence that the hypothalamic-neurohypophysial system is relatively mature before birth. However, few data exist regarding central ANG receptor mechanisms-mediated AVP response during fetal life. To determine roles of brain ANG receptor subtypes in this response, AT, and AT2 receptor antagonists, losartan and PD123319, were investigated in the brain in chronically prepared ovine fetuses at the last third of gestation. Application of losartan intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) at 0.5 mg/kg suppressed central ANG II-stimulated plasma AVP release. Losartan at 5 mg/kg (i.c.v.) demonstrated a significant enhancement of AVP increase to i.c.v. ANG II. Associated with the increase of plasma vasopressin levels, c-fos expression in the hypothalamic neurons was significantly different between the low and high doses of losartan. The low dose losartan markedly reduced the dual immunoreactivity for FOS and AVP in the supraoptic nuclei and Para ventricular nuclei after i.c.v. ANG II, whereas the high dose losartan together with ANG II, significantly increased the co-localization of positive FOS in the AVP-containing neurons than that induced by i.c.v. ANG II alone. Central ANG II induced fetal plasma vasopressin increase was not altered by PD123319. The data suggest that losartan in the fetal brain has remarkably different effects based on the doses administrated on central ANG II-related neuroendocrine effects at the late gestation, and that the AT, mechanism is critical in the regulation of fetal body fluid homeostasis related to plasma AVP levels.