A pot culture experiment of nitrogen forms (NO3-:NH4+) with four ratios (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, and 25:75) in nutrient solutions was conducted to examine the effect of nitrogen forms on the growth and polyamines contents of developing seeds of vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. Li-xiang 95-1]. Results showed that the best plant growth vigor was observed in NO3- (75%), and then in NH4+ (50%). However, the fresh and dry weight of biomass decreased when a high concentration of either NO3- (100%) or NH4+ (75%) was the primary nitrogen source in the nutrient solution. The numbers of flowers and pods in NH4+ (75%) were significantly decreased compared with other ammonium-nitrate ratios in which the numbers of flowers and pods were not influenced by nitrogen forms. During the development of seeds, levels of free Put and Spd decreased, and the decrease extents were more marked in 100:0 and 25:75 (NO3-:NH4+), but the change of free Spm was opposite. Levels of conjugated and bound polyamines in all nitrogen forms increased, but the increases in 75:25 and 50:50 (NO3-:NH4+) were not so obvious as in 100:0 and 25:75 (NO3-:NH4+) treatments. The possible roles of polyamines in the adaptive mechanism of vegetable soybean seeds to different nitrogen forms were discussed.

To establish a highly efficient system for shoot regeneration in vegetable soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill), explants were obtained from six genotypes and adventitious shoots were regenerated from cotyledonary nodes cultured on medium supplemented with different concentrations of N-phenyl-N′-1, 2, 3-thiadiazol-5-ylurea (thidiazuron TDZ) and 1-naphthylacetic acid (NAA). The most effective combination of plant growth regulators was selected first and then the effects of medium types, inoculation methods and genotypic differences on shoot regeneration were studied. The explants were inserted either vertically or horizontally into the medium and five basal media, including B5, ½ B5, MS, ½ MS, and MSB (MS salts and B5 organics), were tested. The shoot regeneration frequency of the six genotypes ranged from 53.5% to 88.9% and three of them reached 88.9%, 87.5% and 83.3% respectively on B5 medium supplemented with 1 mg•L-1 TDZ, 0.05 mg•L-1 NAA, and 5 mg•L-1 AgNO3. The shoot regeneration frequency of explants cultured on B5 medium was significantly higher than that of the other four basal media. The vertically inserted explants were found to yield a higher shoot regeneration frequency than that of horizontally inserted ones; the maximum difference of regenerating percentages between the two methods was 37.5%. In summary, TDZ was an efficient plant growth regulator for shoot induction. B5 medium and vertically inserted explants promoted shoot regeneration. We believe this highly efficient shoot regeneration system will provide foundation for the further transgenic studies in vegetable soybean.

选取84份经芜菁花叶病毒（TuMV）、霜霉病菌[Peronospora parasitica (Pers.) Fr.]、黑斑病菌[Al-ternaria brassicae (Berk) Sacc.]单抗鉴定后筛选出的自交系，于1992～1993年对其进行上述3种病害苗期人工诱发接种多抗性联合鉴定，获得21份三抗材料。经鉴定，确认为三抗抗源材料。探讨了多抗性联合鉴定的技术与方法。

1984～1989年在地种质资源抗芜菁花叶病毒（TuMV)鉴定的基础上，采用系谱选择和母系选择法相结合的途径，选育出综合性状化优良的矮抗一号新品种。其特点：（1）高产：生产试验平均亩产达3121.5kg。比对照矮脚黄增产16.1%；（2）抗病：TuMV和霜霉病人工鉴定病情指数为22.17和5.8，比对照矮脚黄降低72.2%和87.1%，与田间鉴定结果一致；（3）优质：叶片重/叶柄重达0.70，比对照提高48.9%，维生素C、灰分和叶柄中可溶性固形物等营养成分含量均高于对照，而粗纤维含量低；（4）商品性好：植株矮，叶片大，叶柄短且宽，符合喜食白梗菜地区的消费习惯。

1984～1988年对南京地区17个乡89块生产田中采集的558份不结球白菜典型病样进行病毒病原鉴定，依其在鉴别寄主上的症状反应，归纳为3种类型（Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、）。根据典型分离物的传毒试验、寄主范围和体外抗性测定及病毒的粒体形态综合鉴定，I类型为芜菁花叶病毒（TuMV），II类型为黄瓜花叶病毒（CMV），III类型为烟草花叶病毒（TMV），它们分别占病样总数的65%～73%。8%～12%和19%～23%。TuMV是南京地区不结球白菜病毒的主要病原。