以某矿回采巷道位于上部开采煤层形成煤柱的技术条件为例,从围岩应力控制的角度出发,提出了在被保护巷道一侧掘进巷道,将要保护巷道周围较大的围岩应力转移到新开掘巷道附近,使要保护巷道处于良好的应力环境,从而有效保护巷道的新技术,并利用数值模拟的方法对主要技术参数进行了分析确定。

The range of plastic zone and fractured zone in high stress roadways was wide; surrounding rock was destroyed badly and the support cost was very high thus made mining extremely difficult. It’s the key problem and research emphasis in surrounding rock controlling. Surrounding rock stress was transferred from shallow to deep, which is the basic technical approach to controlling the deformation of surrounding rock, and keeping roadway in well maintenance condition. Aimed at mechanics mechanism of high stress roadways, the law of stress transfer in mining influence space is studied by use of Green function and formula, and put forward stress transfer theory. According to different surrounding rock conditions and controlling desire, five new technologies on remedying high stress roadways are put forward through theoretic study, mechanics calculation and engineering practice, which contains driving roadway in roof, loose blasting and driving roadway in floor, upward mining, loose blasting and grouting reinforcement in floor, driving advanced bore hole or destressing notch in roadway head. Research and application indicates, stress transfer theory and technology offers a new theoretical platform and effective technical approaches, and can be used in remedying high stress roadway in mine or support in other underground project.

This paper introduced a real time monitor technique for supports in fully mechanized coal faces and surrounding rock of entries based on CAN BUS. It includes support working features monitor and roof separation real time monitor of entries. The system can realize real data display and alarm in the locality, and communicate data by CAN BUS. It guarantees realization of high production and high efficiency safety mining for modern mine.

针对某矿- 115 大巷下部煤层跨采条件下围岩稳定性维护的技术难点,分析了该大巷的动态控制原理,通过实验室相似材料模拟,研究了下部煤层开采引起的岩层运动规律及其对- 115大巷造成的影响. - 115 大巷的原支护不能保持其稳定性,但通过采用必要的加强支护措施后,大巷的稳定性得到了保证. 在此基础上,提出相应的大巷加固原则和关键技术,并利用FLAC 软件优化确定了合理的大巷加固参数,且对大巷加固后的围岩状况进行了预测. 井下工业性试验达到了预期效果,提高了煤炭采出率,保证了矿井产量,社会经济效益显著.

煤矿硐室受煤层跨采影响产生的采动应力通常在其原岩应力的3 倍以上,这是造成硐室严重底鼓的主要原因. 从围岩应力控制的角度出发,提出了控制硐室底鼓的应力转移新技术,即通过在硐室底板掘巷,并结合在底板开掘巷道间、或底角进行松动爆破,形成一定范围的围岩弱化区的方法. 这一方法可将硐室围岩附近因开采形成的高采动应力转移到围岩较深部,同时降低采动应力向硐室底板传递的强度,以此使被保护硐室处于应力相对较低的区域中,达到有效控制硐室底鼓的目的. 进而利用数值模拟研究的方法对该应力转移技术的主要参数进行了分析和确定了施工方案. 工程应用结果表明,应用该技术可以显著地降低硐室围岩附近的高应力,从而有效地控制硐室底鼓,为矿井的安全生产创造条件.