论述了水射流技术在我国石油工程中的研究和应用情况，应用实验方法建立了淹没非自由射流压力及水功率衰计算模型，建立了以井底获得最大大功率，优选水力参数设计的新方法和新模型，应用瞬态流理论及水产学原理建立了两种谐振腔的基本关系式和结构数学模型，建立了在钻井双向应力作用下，岩石裂纹发展方向模型，介绍了研制的3种新型高效钻头，即加长喷嘴牙肿晖罚哉裆淞髯晖泛蜕淞骷盎盗o掀蒲易晖罚o雇o怂淞骷际跫际踉诔o哐股淞髯昃oo碛图暗蜕o筒乜o桑岣卟墒章实确矫娴挠t们熬啊？

根据材料冲蚀磨损理论和磨料射流切割原理，对利用水力喷砂射孔技术切割套管和近井地层岩石的机理及其影响因素进行了分析。在实验室条件下进行了水力喷砂射孔地面模拟实验，并在胜利油田现场进行了施工工艺设计和试验。实验结果表明，在压力为23～24MPa的条件下，水力喷砂射孔能有效地穿透套管并在天然砂岩上射出直径30mm以上、深达780mm的孔眼，现场试验证实水力喷砂射孔油井增产效果明显。水力喷砂射孔增产的机理主要是解除近井地带污染，松弛密实圈，避免炮弹射孔的压实污染，增加地层渗透率并扩展油流通道。

采用离散涡方法模拟了两种不同形状哨嘴的喷嘴出口流场旋涡结构和压力分布。模拟结果表明，射流在喷嘴出口和哨嘴出口形成的旋涡结构在流场及其他涡元的作用下，向下游运动，在流场中某个地方形成低压区，这有助于诱发空化现象。对两种不同喷嘴的出口流场进行比较发现，哨嘴形状对形成的射流流场的旋涡结构有很大影响。因此，研究和应用空化射流必须考虑喷嘴出口哨嘴形状的影响。

This paper briefly describes the working principle of the self-excited oscillating nozzle and the experimental results of the pressure impulse characteristics and its frequency distribution under different ambient pressures. The transmitting law of the pressure fluctuation is introduced along the casing in both the axial and the radial directions. In addition, it presents the principle of water-injection with self-excited oscillation, the designation of the injection tool, and the field experimentation results. The field results indicate that the self-excited oscillating cavitation jets can be used as an effective way to prolong the production period of the well because the jets minimize formation block up. The average injection pressure was reduced by 2.1MPa, and the averaged volume of daily water injection for a single layer increased by 29m3. It can also prolong the water injecting time of the general waterinjecting well

High pressure water jet removing impurities in formations is a new way developed recently to increase oil production and injected-water. First of all, this paper presents the main reasons of formation plugging, the basic principles of high pressure rotating water jets removing impurities and the laws of the tool's rotating speeds, impact pressure and relations between impact pressure and nozzle stand-off. The field-test results obtained from over 500 oil and water-injection wells in Liaohe, Shengli, Zhongyuan, Huabei etc., indicate that this technology has such advantages as simplicity of use, cost effective, high success rate, wide adaptability, and significant effectiveness. From this, it is profitable and promising to increase production in highly water-cut oilfields.