从考古孢粉学角度，根据赤峰七锅山剖面孢粉分析，结合赤峰地区古文化遗址的考古资料，探讨了赤峰地区8000 a B. P. 以来的先人生活环境，以及人类活动和自然环境演变的过程之间的相互关系。结果表明：8400～6200 a B. P. 为温暖湿润的草原气候，先人既狩猎捕鱼，也种植作物和放牧；6200～4000 a B. P. ，随着森林的破坏，环境逐渐恶劣，农业水平下降；4000～2500 a B. P. 植被以草原为主，气候温干，先人以旱作农业为主；2500 a B. P. 至现在，植被为典型的蒿草草原，气候温和偏干，农业和畜牧业相对发展，人类活动加剧。

Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is one of the most sensitive areas to climate change of the earth, owing to its unique topographic features and ecosystem. Soil pollen analysis is an important component of palaeo- ecological research, while pollen preservation and the relationship between pollen and vegetation can influence the correct interpretation of fossil pollen spectra. In this paper, 36 pollen samples, which come from four meadows and two forest soil pollen profiles, have been analyzed to determine relationships between pollen and vegetation and pollen preservation on the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The relationship between pollen and vegetation shows that the surface pollen assemblages can represent regional vegetation characteristics moderately, while Betula and Populus pollen is absent in the soil surface for Betula and Populus mixed forest. Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae, Ephedra, Pinus, Hippophae etc. are over-represented pollen taxa, Leguminosae, Ranunculaceae, Rosaceae, Gramineae etc. are under-represented pollen taxa. The study of pollen preservation indicates that pollen concentrations decrease with the increase of soil depths, more pollen taxa are present in surface soils than in deep levels, and more than 75% pollen grains will be lost from the surface soils to deep levels. Pollen sorting preservation function should be noticed. Artemisia and Chenopodiaceae can be preserved well and have higher pollen percentages in deeper levels. Cyperaceae and Populus are preserved worse, Populus pollen is absent and Cyperaceae has higher pollen percentages in the surface soil than in the deep levels. The high soil pH values are the most destructive factors for pollen preservation on the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Pollen concentrations decrease sharply when the soil pH values are over 7.6. Downward leaching of pollen is unimportant in this study.

利用燕山地区几个主要植物的花粉-气候响应面模型，定量恢复了燕山南部5000a B. P.来的气候变化。5000a B. P.以来，燕山南部的气候曾发生过两次明显的降温事件，一次发生在4500～3600a B. P.，7月份平均气温比今低2.0℃左右；一次发生在2750～1750a B. P.，7月份平均气温比今低3.7℃左右；2000a B. P.以来年均降水量一直呈下降趋势，年均降水量比2000a B. P.前减少50～100mm。孢粉分析表明，燕山南部人工栽培板栗的历史可以追索到1600a B. P.，种植水稻的历史可以追索到700a B. P.。

取自青藏高原东北部不同植被类型的6个土壤剖面花粉与植被关系研究表明，表土花粉较好地代表当地植被的组成，区域外花粉百分比低于30%，但桦、杨花粉在植被中的代表性较差；土壤剖面典型花粉类型的埋藏特征表明：在土壤表层8cm以下，花粉总浓度迅速降低。氧化作用对花粉的破坏性最大，花粉浓度随土壤的pH值升高呈指数形式递减，pH值7.6以上，花粉浓度迅速降低，花粉在土壤中的运移作用不明显。

根据岱海盆地99A孔1.84m以上地层较高分辨率的孢粉资料，运用中国北方部分科属花粉-气候响应面定量恢复了岱海盆地1500a B. P.以来的七月平均气温和年均降水量。研究结果表明，岱海盆地的气候变化表现出明显的过渡带特征，1500a B. P.以来，七月平均气温除1500~1300a B. P.时段外，多低于现在;1500~980a B. P.岱海盆地的气候变化为温干-冷湿交替，980~400a B. P.以凉干-冷湿交替为特征，400a B. P.以来变为凉干-温湿的交替。980a B. P.以来，伴人植物草、荨麻花粉增加，表明人类活动加剧。是否是人类活动的加剧导致了400a B. P.以后岱海盆地气候变化格局的改变，值得进一步研究。