测定了半合成的不同成分的FeO-MgO-SiO2系炉渣粘度。在w（MgO）为6%～10%，w（Fe）/w（SiO2）为1.1～1.4，温度为1200～1500℃时，炉渣粘度随w（MgO）和w（Fe）/w（SiO2）的提高而增大；在w（MgO）<6%时，冶炼温度控制在1300℃即能保证顺利生产；当w（MgO）>10%时，镍冶炼炉渣的温度应控制在1360℃以上；在MgO含量较高时，可通过降低w（Fe）/w（SiO2）得到粘度较低的炉渣。金川闪速炉炉渣的合理w（Fe）/w（SiO2）为1.2左右。

Pourbaix diagram and predominance area diagram are important thermodynamic stability diagrams. Computer programs have been developed to plot such diagrams. However, their application of E-pH Diagram are somewhat limited due to the differences between real conditions and those theoretically assumed. In this paper, a new algorithm is proposed on E-pH predominance diagrams. The equilibrium constant approach and activity term method are used to plot E-pH diagrams for Metal-H20 and Metal-Ligand-H20 systems based on the thermochemical database developed. A new approach, arithmetic-geometric method, is used to solve nonlinear equations group, which proves to be efficient and easily convergent. The mathematical and computer algorithms are described, with the Pb-H20, Cu-NH3-H20 and Cu-C1-H20 systems as examples. More information on real hydrometallurgical processes can be obtained from these diagrams compared to conventional E-pH predominance diagrams.

By a mathematical model of distribution behaviors of Ni, Co, Sn, Pb, Zn, As, Sb, Bi, Au and Ag in copper smelting process, accessory-element behavior was studied for two types of slag, fayalite and ferrite, and two levels of oxidation. The model can predict any set of controllable process parameters, such as feed composition, smelting temperature, degree of oxygen enrichment and volume of oxygen enriched air, in copper flash smelting, Mitsubishi and Noranda processes. The predictions by the present computer model were compared with the known commercial data from Guixi Smelter in China, Horne Smelter in Canada and Naoshima Smelter in Japan. The agreement between the computer predictions and the commercial data was excellent, therefore the present computer model can be used to monitor and optimize the actual industrial operations of copper smelting. The effects of oxygen enrichment, matte grade, smelting temperature and types of slag, on accessory-element behavior were elucidated.

Aqueous E-pH Diagram is an essential tool for analyzing hydrometallurgical and corrosion processes. Due to the requirements for environmental protection and energy saving in recent years, waste water processing and hydrometallurgical process of concentrate have been greatly developed. The construction of E-pH diagrams has turned to multi-component systems. However, there are some limits in plotting such diagrams. There is only one diagram for one multi-component system, which can not reflect the truth of the aqueous reaction. In the paper, a new computation method is proposed to construct E-pH diagrams. Component activity term is used to determine the boundary of stable areas. For the multi-component systems, different atom ratios of elements have been taken into account. M-S-H2O system is chosen to study since it is of importance in metallurgical solution. Compared with conventional methods, the algorithm is simple and conforms to real conditions.

Chemistry of lime roasting process for complex sulfided concentrate was described briefly, the chemical phases of gold, silver and carbonaceous substances in the concentrate were also in vestigated, and the influences of roasting temperature, time and stoichiometic ratio of hydrated lime on sulfur retention and silver extraction of the calcine were studied finally. Under the optimized conditions, gold-silver extractions exceeded 93% and 83%, respectively.