In this paper, a hydraulic flood routing method for multibranch rivers is developed by means of the imaginary channel length using the double-sweeping method. This method is based on the St. Venant equations describing the channel flow movement and can solve some flood routing problems for which solutions cannot be obtained by the hydrological methods. The model presented in this paper provides an effective tool to handle the problem of flood routing for multibranch rivers and to treat the problem of weir control on flood movement.

本文以石家庄市为背景，对地下水生态环境需水量和补给来源等一系列问题进行了研究探讨，提出了生态环境需水量的计算方法，给出了降雨入渗、河道与湖泊等地表水体入渗补给量的估算方法。并在采补平衡的原则上，对石家庄地下水生态环境恢复问题进行了研究。结果表明：石家庄地下水生态环境问题十分严重。既使恢复期是30年时间，该地区允许开采量也只能在4.20～7.76亿m3/a左右，它比石家庄市目前平均的开采量9.51亿m3/a还小。这样，在目前的开采程度下，如果没有外来水的补充，恢复石家庄的地下水生态环境问题是相当困难的。