This study investigated the therapeutic e¡ect of neural stem cells transplantedvia the carotid artery atdi¡erent times after intracerebral hemorrhage. A great number of 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridinepositive cells were observed surviving and distributed evenly in the perihematoma areas. Phenotypes of grafted cells depended upon time of transplantation, and the later the cells were transplanted, the larger the percentage of cells that di¡erentiated into neurons. Animals treated at 7 and14 days after injury exhibited the most signi¢cant improvements in behavioral tests. Therefore, intracarotid injection allows e⁄cient delivery of cells to the injured hemisphere, especially during the period 7^14 days after injury, and may potentially be applicable in humans. NeuroReport 18:1019-1023 2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Background: Traumatic subdural hydroma (TSH) is a common complication of head injuries. The aim of this study was to examine the clinical characteristics and classification of TSH. Methods: One hundred and ninety-two patients with TSH were treated in Qilu hospital during a 13-year period (1989–2001). We reviewed each patient’s clinical records and radiological findings. Results: Based on clinical features and dynamic observation of CT scanning, TSHs were classified into four types: resolution, steadiness, development and evolution. The resolution type often occurred in the prime of life, and the patients had normal intracranial pressure and good prognoses after conservative treatment. The elderly made up the majority of the steadiness type. Their main clinical manifestations included headaches, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, abnormalmentality, etc. Generally, no positive nervous systemic sign related to TSH was observed. The prognoses of the steadiness type treated by conservative therapy were also satisfactory. The development type was common in babies and children and mainly manifested as progressively increasing intracranial pressure, mild hemiplegia, aphasia and abnormal mentality. The patients with development type often needed surgical treatment where there was an associated risk of dying from accompanying cerebral parenchymal damage or postoperative complications once in a while. The evolution type with chronic subdural haematoma occurred between 22 and 100 days after TSH and in the cases of small hydromas treated conservatively, with mild accompanying cerebral damage, characterised by the polarised age, and chronic increased intracranial pressure, there was always a good prognosis after surgery. Conclusions: The mechanism, clinical characteristics, treatment methods and prognoses varied with the different types of TSH.

Summary Three cases of rerupture of intracranial aneurysms during cerebral angiography (RIADCA) between June and September, 2001 are reported. All cases underwent emergency craniotomy and aneurysm clipping. The subarachnoid blood and the extravasating contrast medium were removed intraoperatively as completely as possible. There was no mortality in this series. The incidence, timing, sex, age, inducing factors, risk factors, prevention measures and prognosis are discussed and reviewed in conjunction with the literature.

We have examined the clinical characteristics and treatment of ectopic meningiomas (EMs). Samples from 17 patients with EMs were analyzed, and their clinical characteristics, mechanism, and treatment were studied in combination with the literature. The main clinical manifestations of EMs included increased intracranial pressure, epilepsy, local mass, and local occupying effects, but diagnosis of EMs depended on the pathology. Surgical removal can achieve the double objectives of confirmed diagnosis and treatment of tumors. The clinical characteristics of EMs vary with the sites of tumors.Operation is the treatment of first choice. Prognosis is better than that of typical meningiomas.

Summary In order to study the clinical characteristics of chronic expanding intracerebral hematoma (CEICH), we analyzed retrospectively 21 patients with CEICH and reviewed the literature with regard to clinical manifestations, medical imaging features, surgical findings, pathological examinations, diagnoses, treatments and prognoses, etc. All patients recovered well and did not recur 1-2 months after operation, except one, who died of contralateral intracerebral hemorrhage three months later. Patients were followed-up by computerized tomographic (CT) scanning. MRI was useful for the preoperative diagnosis.