the problems of prod. e quality, especilly the colour of white sagar. ace prominent in sugar factories in China because of the present low dliciency of clarification and decolorization in the sulphitation process. Similar problems also occur in factories with car bonatation. The colour of white sugar may be either from inlusions inside the rytals or n the sugar surface. Thus it is necessary to remove the impurities both in the inclusions and on the surface as much as possible. As a preventive measure, it is desirable to reduee colour in the juice and raw syrup. To improve charification. a new clarificant, G409, has been developed. It can be used both in mixed juice clacitication and in syrup flotation creacmcnt after elther suiphltation or caronatation. The improved syrup flotation with G409 and H3PO4 has been applied in a number of factories using sulphitation and carbonatation in Guangdong and Fujia Provinces. The results indicate that the quality of white sugar can be improved effectively and economically.

The fluorescence behavior of the drag hespendin in several cyclodextlins(CDS):

A novel method to enhance sucrose crystal growth was proposed and investigated. It was found that when sucrose solutions are irradiated by microwaves, the crystal growth rate is greater that in the traditional vacuum-evaporative crystallization. A kinetic model was established for the microwave-assisted crystal growth and X-ray diffraction analysis was also undertaken.

Certain physical properties of distilled water, tap water and sugar solution are affected when they are treated with a magnetic fileld. In particular, the evaporation rated of sugar solntion can be improved with a suitable magnetie field. The mechanism of this magnelic trcatment is discussed and the optimum magnetic conditions are proposed ofr improing the evaporation rated. It is concluded that magnetic teehnology could provide good prospects of energy saving in the sugar industry.

Twenty-three strains of Salmonella spp. isolated from healthy humans in Guangdong, China, were examined for their susceptibility to ten common antibiotics and the presence of antibiotic resistance integrons. All the strains were resistant to at least one antibiotic, and 4 strains were positive for the intI1 gene. Polymerase chain reaction using in-F and in-B primers showed the existence of amplicons of 1,009 bp in two, 1,664 bp in one, and 1,009 bp and 1,664 bp in one of the intI1-positive isolates, respectively. Sequence analysis revealed that the 1,009-bp amplicon harbored gene cassette aadA2, conferring resistance to spectinomycin, and the 1,664-bp amplicon harbored genes aadA5 and dfr17, conferring resistance to spectinomycin, streptomycin and trimethoprim. Meanwhile the experiments of plasmid conjugation and Southern hybridization with intI1 as the DNA probe indicated that all the integrons found in these strains were chromosomal. Because the strains carrying class 1 integrons were isolated from healthy humans, it suggests the need for all-round surveillance of the antibiotic resistance of pathogens.