测定了30头中国水域瓶鼻海豚（Tursiops sp.） mtDNA控制区5’端424bp的序列，结合已发表的中国水域其它瓶鼻海豚的mtDNA控制区序列，共发现54个变异位点,定义了37种单元型。中国水域瓶鼻海豚的两个形态型之间没有共享单元型，且具有8个鉴别位点。基于最大似然法和邻接法的系统发生分析均把单元型聚类为分别代表两个形态型的支系。形态型之间的核苷酸歧异度为5158%，超过了其它海豚类种间的序列歧异水平，支持把这两个形态型划分为两个独立的种，即T.truncatus和T.aduncus的观点。虽然两种瓶鼻海豚的分布区在台湾海峡一带出现重叠，但相互之间缺乏基因流动，提示两者可能已出现了显著的生殖隔离。

测定了37只中国大陆梅花鹿（Cervusnippon）不同种群mtDNA控制区5端351bp的序列，共发现23个变异位点，定义了5种单元型。分子变异分析表明，中国大陆梅花鹿出现了显著的种群分化（Фst=0.45，Fst=0.60，P<0.001），支持把分布于东北、华南和四川的梅花鹿种群归入各自独立的管理单元。中国大陆、日本南部和日本北部之间无共享单元型，且有25个鉴别位点。最小跨度网络图（Minimumspanningnetwork，MSN）和基于最大似然法和邻接法的系统发生分析均把单元型聚类为对应于中国大陆、日本南部和日本北部的三个单系，其中中国大陆和日本南部梅花鹿有相对较近的亲缘关系，支持日本梅花鹿的祖先通过至少两个大陆桥从亚洲迁移到日本的观点[动物学报49（1）：53～60，2003]。

Recent molecular studies have concluded that the genus Myospalax evolved from within the rodent subfamily Cricetinae. This conclusion was tested using the complete sequences from the mitochondrial 12S rRNA and cytochrome b genes. Based on our analyses, Myospalax appears to be sister to a clade containing the subfamilies Spalacinae and Rhizomyinae, and all three of these lineages appear to be basal to the superfamily Muroidea. Based on the position of these three lineages, we suggest that they be placed in a distinct family, the Spalacidae, rather than subsumed as subfamilies in the family Muridae. Finally, our analyses suggest that the earlier placement of Myospalax as a member of the Cricetinae is the result of a single misidentified specimen, which was not a Myospalax.

Although two species of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops spp.) in Chinese waters have been recognized, their pattern of genetic variation is unclear at present. In the present study, 424-bp of the mitochondrial control region from 30 bottlenose dolphins collected in Chinese waters were sequenced. Fortyseven variable sites were identified from these sequences, and 9 and 11 haplotypes were defined respectively for truncatus-and aduncus-type, two morphotypes previously recognized for bottlenose dolphins in Chinese waters. These haplotypes were combined with published mitochondrial control region sequences of other bottlenose dolphins from Chinese, Indonesian, Australian, and Atlantic waters etc. Sequence variability comparison and phylogenetic reconstruction using neighbor joining (NJ) and maximum likelihood (ML) algorithms exclusively supported the separation of haplotypes into two monophyletic clades, each of which corresponds to truncatus-and aduncus-type. This provided strong support to separate the two morphotypes into respective species, T. truncatus and T. aduncus. No shared haplotype was found between Tursiops species, and four fixed diagnostic site differences between them were identified. All samples from the northern part of Chinese waters, i. e. the Yellow Sea and the northern East China Sea, were genetically identified as T. truncatus exclusively, whereas most samples from the southern part of Chinese Waters, i.e. the southern part of the East China Sea, the Taiwan Straits, the South Chinese Sea, and the Gulf of Beibuwan, were identified as T. aduncus, but with both species overlapping in the Taiwan Strait. This genetic pattern was congruent with the distribution pattern of Tursiops as previously revealed by morphological and ecological evidences. Although the distribution of the two species overlapped in the Taiwan Strait (and maybe adjacent waters), there was no evidence of genetic interchange between them, indicating reproductive isolation. The present study strongly argues for treating the two bottlenose dolphin morphotypes/species as separate management units in making up conservation measures, but further study on the intraspecific structure using multiple molecular marker is also urgent for effective conservation.

To help resolve phylogenetic relationships among the mitten crabs, complete sequences of the nuclear DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and portions of the mitochondrial genome corresponding to the cytochrome oxidase I (COI), were sequenced for all Asian mitten crabs of the genus Eriocheir and seven species of the Grapsoidea. The resulting phylogeny supports the establishment of a separate genus Neoeriocheir, but does not provide justification for the recognition of Platyeriocheir. A female mitten crab specimen from the Zhujiang River, China, was considered to be Eriocheir recta (Stimpson, 1858), a species previously synonymized with Eriocheir japonica (de Haan, 1835). In the ITS analysis, a sequence from Eriocheir formosa (from Taiwan) falls within a wellsupported E. recta group, which indicates that E. formosa may have to be synonymized with E. recta. Three previously recognized members of the genus, E. japonica, Eriocheir sinensis, and Eriocheir hepuensis constitute a monophyletic sister group to E. recta in all phylogenetic trees. We provide evidence for the conspecific status of these taxa. Phylogenetic trees based on COI and combined COI and ITS sequences indicate that E. japonica consists of three subgroups. Since the name E. japonica (de Haan, 1835) takes precedence over E. sinensis (H. Milne Edwards, 1853) and E. hepuensis Dai, 1991, we suggest that these three subgroups correspond to three subspecies of E. japonica: E. j. japonica, E. j. sinensis, and E. j. hepuensis.