系统地介绍和评述了近年来氨基、羧基、巯基和羟基等基团的酶催化脱保护方法的进展。由于酶催化脱保护方法具有反应条件温和（中性，水溶液）、选择性和专一性高、副反应少等优点，故在多肽缀合物、糖等敏感多官能团化合物的研究中有很广阔的应用前景。

O-磷酸酰化多肽及类似物对研究和阐明蛋白质可逆磷酸化对生命活动的调节机制具有极其重要的作用，本文总结了近年来发展起来的用现代化学方法合成O-磷酸酰化多肽及类似物的有效策略，如总体磷酸化法、磷酸化单体法等，并概述了常用的磷酸化方法及磷肽类似物的合成方法等。

系统地介绍和评述了β-氨基酸和β-多肽的合成、以及β-多肽的二级结构与性质等研究领域近年来的进展。β-多肽具有可预测和可再生的折叠形式、二级结构多样性、对酶稳定等优点, 在药物及催化剂领域中有很广阔的应用前景。

The biomimic reactions of N phosphoryl amino acids are very important in the study of many biochemical processes, it was found that the α-COOH group, and not the γ-COOH, was involved in the ester exchange on phosphorus experimentally. The reactions, had been proposed to be related to intramolecular penta coordinate phosphoric carboxylic mixed anhydiides. N Dimethylphosphoryl glutamic acid (DMP Glu) was selected as model compound to study the reactivity difference between the α-COOH and γ-COOH group. From MNDO calculations, the energy of the penta coordinate phosphoric intermediates contain ing five membered ring from a COOH was 40.8 ld/mol lower than that of the seven membered one from γ-COOH. This resnlt was in agreement with those from HF/6-31G** and B3LYP/6 31G** calculations. Theoretical tln-ee dimensional potential energy snrface of frothing the intermdiates predicted that the transition states 4 and 5 involving α-COOH or γ-COOH gronp had energy baniers of △E=196.1 and 216.9 kJ/mol, respectively. So the α-COOH conld be differentiated from γ-COOH intramolecnlarly in glutantic acid by N phosphorylation.

N-phosphoryl amino acids (PAA) are a unique chemical species with many chemical reactivities and properties, including the ability to self-assemble into oligopeptides. Because of their chemical characteristics, they have been proposed as the common origin for both nucleic acids and proteins. In this paper, we discussed six intramolecular mixed carboxylic-phosphoric anhydrides (IMCPAs) as possible intermediates for the prebiotic synthesis of biopolymers from PAA. We also investigated the role of water molecules in the formation of IMCPA using density functional theory B3LYP quantum mechanical calculations at the 6-31G** and 6-311 G** levels. Our results showed that the energy barrier of IMCPA formation was reduced from 19.5 kcal mol21 to 9.9 kcal mol21 when water participation and solvent effects were considered. Thus, the direct participation of one water molecule and the bulk solvent effects both play important roles in the formation of IMCPA.