以二氧化钛为光催化剂，主波长254nm紫外线杀菌灯为光源，研究了气相三氯乙烯（TCE）在无水条件下的光催化降解反应。结果发现，TCE的光催化降解产物为HCl、CO2及Cl2，并得出TCE在无水条件下光催化反应的计量式为C2HCl3+2O2hv/TiO2HCl+2CO2+Cl2，该计量式与有水条件下光催化反应降解TCE的计量式不同。结果还发现，TCE初始反应速率与光强的0.16次方呈正比，光催化降解速率方程符合Langmuir-Hinshelwood公式〔1〕。

采用光-fenton试剂预处理低浓度H酸废水（COD为300～500mg/L、色度为400～600倍、pH值为4.5～5.5）的试验结果表明，在最佳预处理条件[pH值为5、FeSO4（10g/L）用量为0.5%、H2O2（3%）用量为2.2%、催化剂m-TiO2的用量为0.02%、反应时间为90min]下对COD的去除率为52.4%～62.7%，对色度的去除率>82%，废水的CODp/COD值显著提高。

To well describe the electro-Fenton (E-Fenton) reaction in aqueous solution, a new kinetic model was established according to the generally accepted mechanism of E-Fenton reaction. The model has special consideration on the rates of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation and consumption in the reaction solution. The model also embraces three key operating factors affecting the organic degradation in the E-Fenton reaction, including current density, dissolved oxygen concentration and initial ferrous ion concentration. This analytical model was then validated by the experiments of phenol degradation in aqueous solution. The experiments demonstrated that the H2O2 gradually built up with time and eventually approached its maximum value in the reaction solution. The experiments also showed that phenol was degraded at a slow rate at the early stage of the reaction, a faster rate during the middle stage, and a slow rate again at the final stage. It was confirmed in all experiments that the curves of phenol degradation (concentration vs. time) appeared to be an inverted ‘‘S’’ shape. The experimental data were fitted using both the normal first-order model and our new model, respectively. The goodness of fittings demonstrated that the new model could better fit the experimental data than the first-order model appreciably, which indicates that this analytical model can better describe the kinetics of the E-Fenton reaction mathematically and also chemically.

a.c. impedance measurements are made on spiral-wound, size 4r5A, NirMH batteries, which are prepared by using direct-seal technology. Both the positive and the negative electrodes are fabricated by filling in a porous nickel substrate with the active materials. The main purpose of the investigation is to determine the causes. of the early cycling deterioration of this foam-type battery. The results demonstrate that the cycle-life curve can be divided into three parts. After little change in capacity and voltage, deterioration of the NirMH battery occurs as the voltage performance decreases. This is followed by a sharp decrease in both the discharge capacity and the voltage performance. The decrease in voltage performance is due to drying of the separator, which increases the total ohmic resistance of the battery, while the decrease of discharge capacity is due to an inactive surface that increases the charge-transfer resistance of the battery.

为了探索有机物在固定后光催化剂上的降解行为，将TiO2（锐钛型）粉末固定在多孔泡沫镍上，以一只6W主波长为365nm的紫外线杀菌灯为光源，研究了磺基水杨酸（SSal）在TiO22Ni体系上的光催化降解。结果表明，SSal的降解动力学可采用Langmuir-Hinshelwood（L2H）方程来描述。通过测定降解反应的半衰期和测定初始速率的方法确定了L2H方程的参数，两种方法的结果相吻合。还研究了SSal的光催化降解反应速率与pH值和温度的关系。结果表明，当pH值为7.5左右时，SSal的光催化降解最为有利;当温度从20℃升至50℃时，SSal的光催化降解加快。通过考察不同pH值时SSal在TiO2/Ni体系上的吸附能力探讨了反应初始速率与pH值的关系。