在一些著名经济学家的产权理论的基础上，对水权的定义及水权的界定问题进行思考，并对我国水权界定现状进行分析，指出我国目前在水权界定方面存在的问题：水资源所有权还不能完全得到实现；水资源使用权的界定还存在一定的弊端；水资源收益权还得不到良好的保证；水资源转让权还没有取得合法地位。提出完善我国市场经济条件下的水权界定的一些建议：加强水资源费征收力度，促进水资源所有权的真正实现；用市场机制明确界定水资源的使用权，促进水资源优化配置；建立合理的水资源价格形成机制，保证水资源收益权的良好运行；使水资源转让权合法化，初步建立水资源转让制度。

What are the factors impeding or enhancing cooperative behavior amongst farmers in Chinese irrigation district maintenance? This paper argues that economic inducement mechanisms can enhance farmers' cooperative behavior in ID management, especially under the background of being lack of self-organization. The Nash equilibrium solution of cooperative behavior amongst farmers is derived. Given the amount of other farmers' maintenance effort, the factors influencing farmer i's cooperative behavior are classified into two groups-endogenous factors and exogenous factors. The endogenous factors are expected income achieved from irrigated agriculture and geographical location along an irrigation canal. The exogenous factors are the importance of the consumption of private goods relative to the use of the irrigation infrastructure, collective goods, and the price of collective goods. The influence of each factor is analyzed. Economic inducement mechanisms are shown to be crucial for the emergence of cooperative behavior amongst farmers in an ID. Dividing farmers within an ID into different water user associations can help to overcome strategic behavior in ID management, providing technical support, establishing compensation mechanisms and establishing land-transferring mechanisms can induce more maintenance effort.

本文首先给出灌区农户合作行为经济模型，并据此给出农户灌区管理服务供给的纳什均衡解。由此说明：作为理性的经济行为人，一个人预期其他人提供的公共物品越多，他自己的供给就越少；灌区内农户相互协作的责任是以其他人的行为预期为条件的。影响灌区农户合作行为的内生因素为农户收入水平和农户所处的地理位置，外生因素则为私人物品和公共物品消费的相对重要性以及公共物品价格。为促进农户灌区管理合作行为，政府应该在补偿机制、合作规则的建立以及政策扶持方面发挥重要作用。