在流体包裹体显微冷热台系统观测基础上，通过显微激光拉曼探针揭示出兰坪中-新生代盆地内金顶及外围矿床成矿主阶段原生流体包裹体含烃富CO2，成分变化大。流体成分的耦合关系研究并配合O、C同位素分析认为成矿流体中部分CO2来自地幔，部分是沉积地层中碳酸盐岩和有机质分解成因，H2O和烃主要起源于大气成因盆地卤水和地层有机质。地幔源CO2对贱金属的搬运可能贡献突出，而烃类对金属的沉淀意义重大。成矿流体成分具有幔源（富CO2和金属）和壳源（盆地流体富烃类和H2O）两种流体混合的特征，暗示不同性质流体的混合可能是成矿作用基本方式。

金顶及其外围新发现的白秧坪矿床令人关注，它们产在兰坪中新生代陆相碎屑沉积盆地内，这易使人把它们与以沉积岩为主岩铅锌矿床对比。但盆地处在大陆地壳强烈运动背景下，能够有效沟通下地壳和上地幔，矿体受构造控制，没有同生沉积成矿事实，也许代表了以沉积岩为主岩铅锌矿床新类型．大规模成矿主阶段流体的惰性气体同位素组成及演化显示成矿流体中混有2%～32%的地幔He（3He/4=He：0.19～1.97Ra），50.1%的地慢Ne（20Ne/22Ne=10.45～10.83，Ne/22Ne/22Ne=0.03）以及显著的地幔xe（129Xe/130xe=5.84～6.86，”。Xe/130Xe：2.26～2.71），地慢流体具有重要成矿意义。Re-0s法和。”Ar-州Ar法测定成矿时代是67-，-60Ma，晚于矿化主岩，与喜马拉雅期幔源和壳幔源碱性岩浆活动开始的时间一致。地慢流体或随岩浆活动或沿穿壳断裂系统上至地壳并与大气成因盆地卤水混合是：赶规模成矿基本方式。

镜铁山矿区以开采铁矿著称，最近又发现铜矿床，并正在进行勘探。该铁铜矿床沉积于震旦纪裂陷海盆之中，该海盆同沉积期构造活动明显。铁矿层及其中上部产有大量纹层状、层状碧玉岩和重晶石岩，底板伴随硅化等同生退色蚀变，产有细（网）脉浸染状工业铜矿体。地质和地球化学特征揭示出铁铜矿床主期成矿为海底喷流沉积方式，后生改造仅对铜的局再富集有一定意义。

There are giant mineral deposits, including the Jinding Zn-Pb and Baiyangping Ag-Co-Cu, and other important mineral deposits (e.g., Baiyangchang Ag-Cu, Jinman Cu deposits, etc.) in the Lanping Mesozoic-Cenozoic Basin, Yunnan Province, China. The tabular ore-bodies and some veins hosted in terrestrial clastic rocks of the Mesozoic- Cenozoic age and no outcropping of igneous rocks in the giant deposits lead to the proposal of syngenetic origin, but the giant mineral deposits are not stratabound (e.g. MVT, Sandstone- and Sedex-type). They formed in a continental red basin with intense crust movement. The mineralization is controlled by structures and lithology and occurs in different strata, and no sedimentary nature and no exhalative sediments are identified in the deposits. The deposits show some relations with organic matter (now asphalt and petroleum) and evaporates (gypsum). The middle-low-temperature (mainly 110℃ to 280℃) mineralization took place at a depth of about 0.9 km to 3.1 km during the early Himalayan (58 to 67 Ma). The salinity of ore-forming fluids is surprisingly low (1.6% to 18.0% wt NaCl equ.). Affected by the collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates, the mantle is disturbed under the Lanping Basin. The large-scale mineralization is closely linked with the geodynamics of the crust movement, the mantle and mantle-flux upwelling and igneous activity. Giant mineral deposits and their geodynamic setting are unique in the Lanping Basin.

Tourmaline is widespread in the host strata of strata-bound base metal sulphide de- posits in the Devonian metallogenic district around Shanyang-Zhashui in eastern Qinling. As a member of the schorl-dravite series, the tourmaline is characterized by Mg>Fe and Na:>Ca, showing apparent chemical zonation which records the geochemistry during its formation and subsequent regional metamorphism and hydrothermal overprint. The close similarity in chemical and isotopic constitutions between the tourmaline of the main metallogenic epoch in this district [FeO/(FeO+MgO)=0.34-0.39 and 311B=-7.6%0 -8.8%0] and those related to massive sulphide deposits typical of submarine (exhalative) hydrothermal sedimentation may add further support to a similar mechanism of mineralization for the strata-bound deposits in the district.