The present communication reports the infection of Hirschm anniella o-ryz aewith Bacillus penetrans in Yuan Kou Village of Nan Ping city in Fujian province, which was first found in China. The infect ivityw as 5.26%. In addition, the cuticles of 40% of H. oryzae were adhered to the endospores of B. penetrans. After the infection, the pseudo-coelom of H. oryzae was filled with many spores, so that nematodes were clumsy in move-ment, body's colour was especially white, and ophagus became indistinct. When the nem a-tode bodies were cut, many spores flowed out of the wound, and the genital glands in the pseudocoelom shrivelled. The spores were (n=36) 4.1±0.1 (3.6～4.3) Lmin diameter with an in ternal, dense, spherical structure at apex which was (n=32) 2.0±0.1 (1.6～2.1) Lm in diam eter. Their morphology was similar to the spores from the females of Meloidogyne spp: This discovery indicated that B. penetrans currently appeared to have great potential for biological control of Hirschm anniella spp. of rice.

从寄生在番茄的南方根结线虫（Meloidogyne incognita）卵块中分离到一种破坏线虫的内寄生真菌淡紫拟青霉（Paecilomyces lilacinus），并利用啤酒厂的废渣、废液生产出菌剂。该菌剂每克样品含孢子量为3.4×10 6，用其进行防治根结线虫的盆栽试验。每1600ml土壤施8g比施1g菌剂的根结指数、虫瘿、卵块、雌虫和幼虫分别减少65%、94.0%、94.0%、95.95和97.9%。

在番茄、辣椒和鸡冠花中进行的盆栽试验表明：穿剌芽孢杆菌对感染根结线虫的植物都有保护效果，大约可使虫口密度降低75%～80%；同时该菌使根结线虫致根变重的情况有所缓和，从而根冠比倒转的症状有很大改善，各组试验的解剖结果证明，穿剌芽孢杆菌的寄生都导致虫瘿、卵块、雌虫、雄虫以及各期幼虫明显减少。

本文记述寄生于福建省经济作物的8种根结线虫（约占全世界已报告种类的2/4），发现寄主植物多达58种，其中36种寄主为新记录（作*号），国内丑种新记录有斗种（作☆号），对2种根结线虫作了雌虫会阴花纹的扫描电镜观察。根结属 （Meloidogyne Goeldi, 1887） 的线虫类是植物普遍的寄生虫，其特征是雌虫呈宽梨形，身体有一层弹性的角质膜而不形成坚硬的胞囊，卵贮存于从排泄孔分泌出体外的胶质卵囊中，体末端有角质膜形成的会阴花纹，雄虫体呈圆柱形。本属的模式种（M. exi-gua Goeldi, 1887）引起咖啡树根生瘤，在一百年前已被认识，随后各种农作物上的根结线虫相继被描述，同物异名有：Heterodera marioni （Cornu, 1879） Goodev, 1932和Caco-Bema radicicola （Greef, 1872） Cobb, 1924等。Chitwood （1949） 修订本属，首创根据会阴花纹鉴别虫种，并把本属从形成胞囊的线虫中分出来。Chitwood的发明促进了根结线虫 的研究。本属种类目前已有36种（F. Lamberti and C. E. Taylor, 1979）国内刘金佛（1978）、吴国华、林明雄等（1979）、冯志新、关燕如等（1980）、唐崇惕（1981）等曾作过有关报道本属线虫分布五大洲，寄生于二干多种植物。世界各地由于由本属和其他线虫为害导致农作物减产达5%，而在发展中国家可达25%以至50% （A. L. Taylor and J. N.Sasser, t978），对经济作物危害极大，作者在1980年开始本项研究，现将研究结果简述于后。

A study was made of the temporal fluctuation in the population density of Meloidogynefujianensis parasitizing the roots of Citrus reticulata growing in Nanjing County, China. The lowest infection rate occurred in August (30%), and the highest in April of the following year (90%). The lowest average infectivity was re-corded in August (1.8 females/2g roots) and the highest in February of the following year (24.2 females/plant). Infection occurred throughout the year with peaks of infection in September and October and again in March to April of the following year. The peak of oviposition occurred during December and January. The population density increased with increasing monthly average temperatures. The most active growth of C. reticulata roots coincided with the peaks of infection of nematode juveniles (September-October, March-April), which was as-sociated with two main periods of disease symptomatology. The ratio of males decreased with increasing monthly rainfall.