中国的农业问题，中国的粮食问题，中国十几亿人口的吃饭问题，一直是中国和全世界普遍关注的问题。1994年下半年，美国世界观察研究所所长莱斯特ı布朗发表题为《谁来养活中国》的文章。中国能否养活自己，中国怎样养活自己，成为全球普遍关注的焦点问题。1995年至1998年中国粮食连续4年丰收，全国各地粮仓爆满，粮食过剩和卖粮难再度困绕中国。1998年，粮食流通体制改革成为新一届政府的首项改革内容，大规模的中央直属储备粮库建设在全国各地展开。中国粮食究竟是多了还是少了？中国是储备粮食?还是储备农业生产能力?回答这样严肃和意义非凡的问题，绝不是轻而易举的事情，闭门遐思、主观臆断、片面考证、简单外推都不能得到真实和科学的结论。自然也无法正确地解决这些问题。要公正、客观地解答上述问题，只能借助于科学、严肃、客观、全面地系统分析和深入研究。

本文基于对可持续食物安全内涵和基本特征的认识和理解，建立了能反映食物安全水平、质量、可持续性、公平性和可靠性的指标体系；将层次分析法、模糊评判法和综合指数法相结合，提出了中国可持续食物安全的综合评判方法，并从单项指标和综合指标两个方面对中国食物安全的基本状况进行了评估，得出了初步的研究结论。

介绍了智能化水产养殖信息系统的最基础且最关键，YWindows D1姐体系；解释了前端客户层、中间业务逻辑层、数据库服务器层及其主要技术；给出了开发过程中的一个应用实例。

This paper presents a research attempt to develop and evaluate a Web-based tele-diagnosis system for fish diseases. Fish disease diagnosis is a complicated process and requires high level of expertise. A tele-diagnosis system T-VET is being developed and tested in China. T-VET is the key sub system of a Web-based expert system for fish disease diagnosis. This paper looks at why a tele-diagnosis system is needed and what are the advantages and difficulties in developing and using such a system. The system's architecture and components are described. Auser-centered approach was adopted throughout the development process to ensure the system would meet users' needs and will be accepted. As a result, the system functions were emerged and improved by users' requirements. The experience and feedback from testing and evaluating the system with potential users are discussed. Some valuable insights into the use of the Internet as a tele-diagnosis tool in aquaculture are highlighted.

Fish disease diagnosis is a complicated process and requires high level of expertise. Any attempt of developing a web-based system dealing with disease diagnosis has to overcome various difficulties. This paper describes a Chinese National Funded Research Project (863 project) aiming to develop a web-based intelligent diagnosis system for fish diseases. The paper explains the need for a web-based expert system, the fish diagnosis process and the difficulties involved in developing the system. The system structure and its components, such as database, knowledge base and image base and their functions are described. The system has over 300 rules and 400 images and graphics for different types of diseases and symptoms. It can diagnose 126 types of diseases amongst nine species of primary freshwater fishes. The system has been tested and is now in pilot use by fish farmers in the North China region. Some issues on developing web-based expert systems from the experience gained from the research are discussed.