The TOPEXgPOSE1DON mission offers the first opportunity to observe rain cells over the ocean by a dual-frequency radar altimeter (TOPEX) and simuhaneously observe their natural radiative properties by a three-frequency radiometer (TOPEX microwave radiometer (TMR)). This work is a feasibility study aimed at understanding the capability and potential of the active/passive TOPEX/TMR system for oceanic rainfall detection. On the basis of past experiences in rain flagging, a joint TOPEX/MR rain probability index is proposed. This index integrates several advantages of the two sensors and provides a more reliable rain estimate than the radiometer alone. One year's TOPEX/TMR data are used to test the performance of the index. The resulting rain frequency statistics show quantitative agreement with those obtained from the Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (COADS) in the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), while qualitative agreement is found for other regions of the world ocean. A recent finding that the latitudinal frequency of precipitation over the Southern Ocean increases steadily toward the Antarctic continent is confirnled by our result. Annual and seasonal precipitation maps are derived from the index. Notable leatures revealed include an overall similarity in rainfall pattern from the Pacific, the Atlantic, and the Indian Oceans and a general phase reversal between the two hemispheres, as well as a number of regional anomalies in terms of rain intensity. Comparisons with simultaneous Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) multisatellite precipitation rate and COADS rain climatology suggest that systematic differences also exist. One example is that the maximum rainfall in the ITCZ of the Indian Ocean appears to be more intensive and concentrated in our result compared to that of the GPCP. Another example is that the annual precipitation produced by TOPEXffMR is constantly higher than those from GPCP and COADS in the extratropical regions of the northern hemisphere, especially in the northwest Pacific Ocean. Analyses of the seasonal variations of prominent rainy and dry zones in the tropics and subtropics show various behaviors such as systematic migration, expansion and contraction, merging and breakup, and pure intensity variations. The seasonality of regional features is largely influenced by local atmospheric events such as monsoon, storm, or snow activities. The results of this study suggest that TOPEX and its follow-on may serve as a complementary sensor to the special sensor microwave/imager in observing global oceanic precipitation.

This paper illustrates the methods of extracting instinct parameters and deformation recognition by using wavelet transform, which applied in low voltage impulse (LVI) method on the transformer winding deformation detection. The results shows that it is effective to eliminate the noises by using wavelet transform, meanwhile, it can also make measurement repetitive and has a property on model recognition on deformation.

文章通过对高压断路器状态检测现状分析及几种目前国内外经常采用的几种评估方法的介绍。针对高压断路器评估因素复杂，影响工作状态机理分析较少的现状，作者提出用模糊综合评判来评估断路器工作状态的方法，为能够及时了解高压断路器的运行状态提供一种新的算法。

A detailed analysis on the effect of temporal allaying associated with TOPEX/Poseidon, Geosat, and ERS altimeters has been caried out. In the time domain, aliasing occurs when the original period of an oceanographic signal, To, is less than twice the satellite repeat orbit period, Ts. The most striking feature of temporal aliasing is that the alias period, To, appears as a quasi periodic &llke function with respect to Ts, and a non-periodic &-like function with respect to To. Histograms of Ta versus To suggest that signals wltb original periods between 0 and 2Ts are aliased onto periods ranging from 2Ts to with a rapidly decreasing probabilit3z The potential consequences of temporal aliasing in satellite altimetry are discussed in the context of orbit design and sampling strategy for geophysical applications.

热和电故障是导致变压器重大事故的主要原因，过热故障回路的确定又是人们一直所关注的问题。针对目前所采用的确定过热故障回路诊断正确率较低的现状，作者在模糊综合评判的基础上，根据模糊综合评判的逆过程和对大量过热故障原因和检测现象的分析建立了识别热故障回路的诊断模型，并确定了形成过热故障原因与现象之间的模糊关系矩阵。通过诊断实际分析，此方法准确、简便、实用。