Hydroformylation of 1-dodecene catalyzed by water-soluble rhodium-phosphine complex, RhCl (CO) (TPPTS)2 (TPPTS: P(m-C6 H4 SO3 Na)), in the presence of various mixed micelles was investigated. When either an anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) or dodecylbenzonesulphonate (DBS), a nonionic surfactant Triton X-100 or Brij 35, or alcohol was added into cationic surfactant cetyl pyrindium bromide (CPB) solution, a mixed micelle formed. The decrease in critical micelle concentration (CMC) and the increase in solubilization of 1-dodecene in the mixed micelle were observed. Hydroformylation of 1-dodecene exhibited higher conversion and higher regioselectivity in the mixed micellar solution than in the single micelle of CPB. The synergistic mechanism of two different surfactants was discussed.

The hydroformylation of long-chain olefins catalyzed by the water soluble rhodium complex, RhCl (CO) (TPPTS) 2, were studied in aqueous/organic biphasic system containing cationic surfactants. The addition of TPPDS as a modifier dramatically increased the regioselectivity of olefin hydroformylation. A synergistic effect of TPPTS and TPPDS on the regioselectivity was observed. The ratio of linear/branched aldehyde rose from 6.5 (without TPPDS) to 22.3 ([TPPTS]/[TPPDS]=2:1). The steric structure of hydrophilic group in the cationic surfactants exhibited an important influence on the regioselectivity. The hydrophilic group with a small steric volume was favorable for the formation of linear aldehyde. It was found that when the alkyl chain length of the higher olefin and that of the cationic surfactant were comparable (matching size), the regioselectivity for linear aldehyde was outstandingly high.

1-Dodecene hydroformylation catayzed by water soluble rhodium complex [RhCI (CO) (TPPTS) 2] Was studied in the presence of TPPIS [P (m-C6 H4 SO3 Na)3] and CIAB (eetyl-trimethyl ammonium), The influence of reaction parameters was discussed in detail based on micelle effect in biphasic sys-tem. The modification for the microcircunstance of micelle interface Was conducted by the introduction of a catalyst pro-moter TPPDS [PhP (m-C6 H6 SO3 Na) 2] into the reaction solu-tion. A synergistic effect between TPPDS and TPPTS on the regioselectivity of 1-dodecene hydroformylation was observed. The selectivity of linear aldehyde in the products was SO high as 95.7% at the molar ratio of [TPPDS]/[TPPTS]=O.5.