Objective. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the jaw function anatomical changes subsequent to orthodontic treatment combined with mandibular advancement or set-back surgery. Study design. The sample consisted of 67 combined skeletal and dental malocclusion patients, who had received orthodontic and surgical treatment previously. Three and 6 months following jaw surgery, the following jaw functions were evaluated: the level of occlusal force developed, the efficiency of masticatory function, the size in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), the rdlationship between occlusal force and maxillo-mandibular skeletal change, and the range of mandibular movement. Results. The results revealed that after surgery the occlusal force, masticatory function, TMJ positioning, and mandibular movement distance were all different from presurgery values. The surgical set-back group jaw function recovery proved to be more rapid than that for the mandibular-advancement group. Conclusion. Surgical mandibular advancement and set-back by sagittal-split osteotomy influence subsequent mandibular function.

目的：颞下颌关节疾病的治疗包括保守治疗和外科手术治疗,本研究目的是探讨颞下颌关节疾病外科手术治疗的适应证以及手术方法。方法：对1988年至2000年共收治的765例颞下颌关节疾病患者进行回顾性研究。其中颞下颌关节紊乱病患者共418例,颞下颌关节外伤159例,颞下颌关节强直131例,髁状突肥大38例,颞下颌关节肿瘤18例,颞下颌关节感染1例,其中637例进行了外科手术治疗。结果：颞下颌关节紊乱病患中218例行颞下颌关节内窥镜术,21例行颞下颌关节盘复位术,91例行颞下颌关节盘修补术,11例行陈旧性关节脱位开放复位术；131例行颞下颌关节成形术；109例行髁状突骨折开放复位术；38例行髁状突截骨术和正颌手术；18例行颞下颌关节肿瘤切除术。结论：颞下颌关节紊乱病、损伤、关节强直、肿瘤、畸形以及其他关节疾病的手术适应证范围在不断地扩大,颞下颌关节外科的手术方法也在不断地改良。颞下颌关节外科手术治疗正向着微创和恢复关节功能的方向发展。

Objectives: To analyse systematically the clinical and radiological features of odontogenic ghost cell carcinoma (OGCC). Methods: Clinical and radiological features of 22 OGCCs (4 new and 18 from the literature) were analysed. Results: There were 17 (77%) males and 5 (23%) females (male-to-female ratio of 3.4:1). Ages ranged from 13 years to 72 years (mean 36.7) with a peak in the fourth (40.9%) and fifth (27.3%) decades. The maxilla was involved in 68% and the mandible in 32%. Our study confirmed that OGCC is more prevalent in Asians (12/18) than in other racial groups. The mixed radiolucent and radiopaque lesion pattern was the most frequent (14/19) compared with radiolucent lesions (5/19). 89% (17/19) showed poorly defined borders and 11% (2/19) showed well defined rders. Root resorption was reported in 31% (6/19) of patients and tooth displacements in 21%. Conclusions: OGCC demonstrates clinical and radiographic features of a malignant tumour with high recurrence.

Complications associated with mandibular condylar fracture before reduction include fracture of the tympanic plate, fracture of the glenoid fossa with or without displacement of the condylar segment into the middle cranial fossa, damage to cranial nerves, vascular injury, bleeding, malocclusion, temporomandibular joint dysfunction, growth disturbance, ankylosis, and so on.1 This article reports 1 case of arteriovenous (AV) fistula associating with a condylar fracture.