Blends of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and polyamide-6 (PA6) were produced by ultrasonic extrusion. Ultrasonic irradiation leads to degradation of polymers and in situ compatibilization of blends as confirmed by variations in linear viscoelastic properties. The results showed that the effect of ultrasonic irradiation on dynamic rheological properties depends on the composition and experimental temperature. At the same time, the relationship between storage modulus and loss modulus indicated the effect of ultrasonic irradiation on compatibility of HDPE/PA6 blends. Based on an emulsion model, the interfacial tension between the matrix and the dispersed phase was predicted. The data obtained showed that ultrasonic irradiation can decrease the interfacial tension and then enhance the compatibility of HDPE/PA6 blends. This finding was consistent with our previous work. VVC 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 1260-1269, 2005

The influences of ultrasonic oscillations on rheological behavior and mechanical properties of metallocene-catalyzed linear low-density polyethylene (mLLDPE)/low-density polyethylene (LDPE) blends were investigated. The experimental results showed that the presence of ultrasonic oscillations can increase the extrusion productivity of mLLDPE/LDPE blends and decrease their die pressure and melt viscosity during extrusion. Incorporation of LDPE increases the critical shear rate for sharkskin formation of extrudate, crystallinity, and mechanical properties of mLLDPE. The processing behavior and mechanical properties of mLLDPE/LDPE blends were further improved in the presence of ultrasonic oscillations during extrusion.

The effects of ultrasonic oscillations on the rheological and viscoelastic properties and morphology of high-density polyethylene (HDPE)/Illite (70/30) composites were studied. The experimental results showed that the die pressure and apparent viscosity of the HDPE/Illite (70/30) composites were reduced greatly, and so the mass-flow rate significantly increased in the presence of ultrasonic oscillations during the extrusion. Scanning electron microscopy and linear viscoelasticity tests showed that ultrasonic oscillations improved the dispersion of the Illite particles into the HDPE matrix. The aggregation of the Illite particles disappeared on the fractured surfaces of HDPE/Illite (70/30) composites extruded in the presence of ultrasonic oscillations, and this indicated that ultrasonic oscillations promoted the homogeneous dispersion of Illite particles into the HDPE matrix. Ultrasonic oscillations caused the permanent reduction of the dynamic viscosity and zero-shear viscosity of HDPE/Illite (70/30) composites.

In this paper, the effect of ultrasonic intensity on the degradation of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) melt, degradation mechanism, ultrasonic degradation kinetics of HDPE melt as well as the development of molecular weight distribution of HDPE melt during ultrasonic degradation were studied. In the initial stage, the ultrasonic degradation of HDPE melt shows a random scission process, and the molecular weight distribution broadens. After that, the ultrasonic degradation of HDPE melt shows a nonrandom scission process, and the molecular weight distribution of HDPE melt narrows with ultrasonic irradiation time. The average molecular weight of HDPE decreases with the increase of ultrasonic intensity and increases and trends forward that of undegraded HDPE with the increase of distance from ultrasonic probe tip, indicating that attenuation of ultrasonic intensity in HDPE melt is very quick. Ultrasonic degradation kinetics of HDPE melt obeys the equation: Mt

The effects of die materials on die pressure, productivity of extrusion, melt viscosity, and melt fracture of metallocene-catalyzed linear low density polyethylene (mLLDPE) as well as their mechanism were studied in a single screw extrusion system. Die materials used in our experiment include steel, brass, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The experimental results show that die materials have great influence on the processing behavior of mLLDPE. The PTFE die can greatly inhibit the occurrence of melt fracture or surface distortion of mLLDPE extrudate. The surface appearance of raLLDPE extrudate is greatly improved. The PTFE die can greatly increase the productivity of mLLDPE extrudate and decrease the die pressure and the melt viscosity of mLLDPE. A possible mechanism For the improved processability of mLLDPE is proposed.