The anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox) granular sludge bed reactor was started up succe ssfully with nitrifying granular sludge. During the operation, the nitrifying granular sludge was gradually converted into Anammox granular sludge with good settling property and high conversion activity. The Anammox reactor worked well with the shorte st HRT of 2143h. Under the condition that HRT was 6139 h and influent concentration of ammonia and nitrite wa s 10mmolPL, the removal of ammonia and nitrite was 97117% and 100100%, re spectively. Corre sponding volumetric total nitrogen loading rate and volumetric total nitrogen conversion rate were 100183mmolP(L•d) and 98195 mmolP(L•d). The performance of Anammox reactor wa s efficient and stable.

反硝化菌的生长快于厌氧氨氧化菌，通过培育反硝化生物膜，利用反硝化菌的基质多样性和代谢多样性，可使生物膜由催化反硝化反应过渡到催化厌氧氨氧化反应，加速Anammox反应器的启动。经过3个月的运行，Anammox反应器的容积总氮负荷达01143kg-m-3d-1，总氮去除率约86152%，出水NH+42N和NO2-2N均低于1mgL-1，NH+4+2N去除量、NO2-2N 去除量和NO3-2N生成量之间比例的变化以及污泥颜色的变化，可以指示Anammox反应器的启动进程。

对内循环颗粒污泥床硝化反应器中的气含率和液体运动速率进行了试验研究，建立了分别基于流体力学平衡原理及反应器能量输入与消耗平衡方程的气含率和液体运动速率的机理性数学模型。根据试验数据,在相对误差分别为4178%和6153%的情况下对上述模型进行了参数估计。 在实际运行中,通过所建模型对反应器中的气含率和液体运动速率进行有效调控，可实现反应器的高效稳定运行。