利用盆栽实验，探讨了酸雨胁迫下对菠菜膜保护酶系统的防护效应。实验结果表明：单一酸雨处理会造成超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化酶（CAT）活性总体水平下降，其变化曲线呈“∧”形，并使过氧化物酶（POD）活性明显增加。施用稀土元素后酸雨胁迫下的植株叶片中SOD、CAT活性总体水平上升，变化曲线的峰值向酸度较大的方向移动，POD活性上升幅度减小，3种膜保护酶的活性与单一酸雨处理组相比，处在一种相对稳定的状态下，表现出在酸度不大的情况下，稀土元素对酸雨影响菠菜膜保护系统有明显的防护作用。

The effects of rare-earth elements on physiological and biochemical responses of wheat under acid rain stress were studied by pot experiments. The results showed that the stress of acid rain resulted in the decrease of chlorophyll content and the change of chlorophyll a/b values. Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll content were positively correlated with the pH value of acid rain and the peroxidase activity increased gradually with decreasing pH value. The effects led to the increased decomposition of chlorophyll and decreased content and a/b values of chlorophyll, which reulted in a speed-up blade decay and the defect of absorption and transformation of light energy and metabolism of carbohydrates. Under lower acidic conditions, the rare-earth elements can protect wheat from being damaged by acid rain and affect chlotophyll metabolism and peroxidase activity of wheat.

Rare earth elements Ce and La were added into the near-equal atomic titanium-nickel alloy. Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction were applied to study the effect of the Ce and La. The results show that adding a small amount of Ce into TiNi alloy can improve the phase transformation obviously, but the phases in TiNi alloy do not change. The results show that adding a small amount of Ce or La can improve the properties of titanium-nickel alloy.

The effects of lanthanum on some redox system (PMRS) properties of the plasma membrane (PM) vesicles from Casuarina equisetifdia seedlings under artificial acid rain (pH4.5) stress were studied. The results show that there are NADH oxidase and EDTA-Fe3+ reductase, and nitrate reductase in the seedling PM, and they have different responses to soaking seeds for 8h in a series of LaCl3 solution. The NADH oxidase activities and the Nitrate reductase activities can be stimulated when La3+ concentrations is in the range of 50～200mg·L-1, but their activities are inhibited or fluctuate by the higher La3+ concentrations. The EDTA-Fe3+ reductase activities can be stimulated by La3+ concentrations in the range of 50～400mg·L-1. The research also revealed that La3+ reduces the relative permeability of membranes and have the function in protecting membranes under acid rain stress by the way of inhibiting the leakage of electrolyte.

The effect of Ce3+ on free cytoplasmic calcium of hepatocytes and V79 cells was studied with microfluorometry. The results show that the free cytoplasmic calcium increases in low dose and increases significantly in high dose of Ce3+. These results suggest that Ce3+ might enhance the influx of Ca2+ and be toxic to hepatocytes in high dose.