长期地貌演化研究表明,夷平面的形成有4种基本方式：准平原、山麓剥蚀平原、双层水平面和冻融剥夷平原。它们的形成都需要上千万年至数亿年的构造相对稳定时期。青藏高原上的层状地貌面可以划分为两级夷平面和一级剥蚀面。山顶面形成于渐新世至中新世早期;主夷平面是以双层水平面或山麓剥蚀平原形式发育的，大致形成于20～3.6MaB.P.期间，完成时的高度低于1000m；剥蚀面形成于3.6～1.7MaB.P.期间。

The Hexi Corridor is adjacent to deserts that serve as one of the dust sources of Chinese loess. The rate of aeolian dust accumulation is higher in the Corridor than those in central and western part of Chinese Loess Plateau, so the loess might have recorded more details of climate changes. The approximately 12 m-thick S1 paleosol sequence at the Shagou loess section comprises five soils and four intervening loess horizons. Color index, carbonate content and grain size variation within the loess-paleosol sequence are used as proxies of the East Asian Monsoon and movement of the desert margin. The Eemian (MIS5e) equivalent lacks obvious variations in the Shagou record. A transition layer in this section indicates the complexity of the penultimate deglaciation. During substage 5d-5a, sub-orbital fluctuations of monsoon and desert variations are recorded both in the proxies and stratrigraphy, being coincident with cold events and warm interstadials in North Atlantic and Greenland. Our records suggest that the East Asian Monsoon was affected by polar and high latitude climate variations even in the last interglacial.

The eastern part of Qilian Mountains experienced strong tectonic uplift during the late Quaternary, and climate record there was influenced by Tibetan Plateau to some extent. Based on studies on the fluvial terrace series and eolian loess deposition, we find that the tectonic uplifts of the Tibetan Plateau had coupled with climatic changes in our studied region and others since the mid-Pleistocene. The uplift that occurred at 0.83 Ma corresponded to significant desert expansion in L6 and periodic variation since MIS16, while the 0.14Ma one to the further drying in northwest China. Those coupled events may indicate that tectoni c uplift drove climatic changes, and the Tibetan Plateau has important impacts on East Asian Monsoon system.

青藏高原夷平面及其年代是高原隆升、时代和幅度研究中的一个关键问题。可可西里东部地区通过1：100 000 航测地形图所示的山顶面形态特征分析表明,本区广泛分布的山顶平坦地形面为青藏高原主夷平面的一部分，其海拔高度大多在4900～5200m。本区平坦 顶面的熔岩方山常与夷平面交叉分布，也为高原主夷平面一部分，其同位素年代19.6～6.95MaB. P. 之间的有39个(9.9～6.95MaB. P.有17个)。又据本区相邻的山间盆地内的火山地貌年龄推论，夷平面形成于9.9～6.95MaB. P. 之后，3MaB. P. 之前已形成。

The timing of the development of strath terraces with respect to climatic variability remains equivocal. Previous studies attribute strath-terrace formation to glacial or interglacial climates or to variations in sediment and water fluxes that cause lateral erosion followed by vertical incision. A chronology of strath-terrace formation spanning; 900 k.y. has been generated on the basis of loess-paleosolcouplets and paleomagnetic, thermoluminescence, and radiocarbon dating of strath terraces in the Qilian Shan of northeastern Tibet. Repetitive stratigraphic and geomorphic patterns on each terrace indicate that they formed during glacial-interglacial transitions. Long-term bedrock incision rates and inferred rock uplift rates appear steady and unrelated to strath formation over the past 900 k.y.

对青藏高原东部甘孜地区末次间冰期以来黄土地层的磁化率、粒度、CaC03含量和有机碳含量等气候代用指标的综合分析表明，末次间冰期以来青藏高原东部冬、夏季风分别经历了5次和6次较为强大的时期；其演化阶段基本可与深海氧同位素曲线(SPECMAP)对比。与同期印度洋季风强度变化存在极高的一致性(特别是在氧同位素阶段3)。我们认为，全球冰量变化可能不是控制青藏高原季风演化的决定因素，而其它因素如太阳辐射变化及高原下垫面状况对高原季风演化可能具有更为重要的意义。

Based on field investigations, laboratory analyses and 14C dating, this paper discusses the laws of the formation and development of the paleosols in the northeast region of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau since Late Pleistocene. The authors reconstruct basic conditions of climate, vegetation, soil and natural zones during the three periods in which the paleosols were formed, i.e. the last inter-glacial of the Late Pleistocene, warm stage of Late Glacial and the Optimum of Holocene. Finally, this paper discusses the relationship between the paleosols and the uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.