以甘蓝为母本与白菜杂交，授粉后采不同时期的子房用苯胺兰法染色，在荧光显微镜下观察花粉在柱头上粘合、萌发及花粉管在柱头表面和花柱中的生长情况。试验结果表明：甘蓝×白菜杂交的主要障碍在于白菜萌发的花粉管难以伸进柱头，并与柱头表面发生严重的胼胝质反应，使花粉管扭曲，尖端膨大，难以生长。

通过对3个不同熟性大白菜的观察，将其花芽形态分化过程分为营养生长期、生长锥伸展期和花原基分化期3个时期，并将花原基分化期细分为萼片分化期、雄蕊和雌蕊分化期和花瓣分化期。所观寨材料的侧枝分化顺序都是由顶部向基部依次进行。熟性不同的材料间花芽发育速度为极早熟>早熟>晚熟。

不同植物激素浓度与组合，接种时杂种子房发育天致及子房不同花器附属物对白菜×白芥属间杂种离体子房发育的影响进行了试验研究，结果表明，激素对白菜×白芥杂种种子的形成并非必要条件，然而在White培养基添加适宜的生长素，对杂种子房的发育、杂种种子的产生有明显的促进作用，其中以1.5～2.0mg/L IAA最为明显。细胞分裂素对杂种种子的产生有抑制作用，浓度愈高。抑制作用愈大：授粉后6～8天的杂种子房培养效果最好；子房花器附属物对杂种种子产生并无明显作用。但携带萼片的子房培养可明显促进子房的生长发育。

利用60Co-γ7射线与HNO2复合处理辣椒种子，结果表明，M1代的损伤效应随着复合处理剂量的增加而增大；发芽势、根长表现累加效应，成株率表现协和效应，但对最终发芽率影响很小；复合处理最优诱变剂量为30(1×10)Gyγ射线与0.05mol/L的HNO2浸种70min；复合处理最优诱变剂量的早期形态预测指标是M1根长为对照的54%；诱变处理对发芽势、成株率、株高和根长的效应趋势一致，其相关系数均达到显著水平。据此认为，发芽势、成株率和株高可作为早期测定复合处理生物学效应的可靠参考指标。

The effects of the appropriate time of planting, plant physiological state of treatment and vacuum infiltration time on genetic transformation frequency of vacuum infiltration were studied with Agrobacterium tumefac/ens strain GV3101 which was contained hygromycin B phosphotransferase gene (hyg) and CaMV gene Ⅵ in Chinese cabbage (B. campestris L. var. purpurea and var. utilis). The PCR assay of transforming plants showed that the target genes had transformed into Chinese cabbage successfully. This result indicates that the vacuum infiltration transformation is a convenient, quick, effective and non-tissue-cultural transformation method. The suitable physiological state for the vacuum infiltration in Chinese cabbage was healthy and strong plants, finishing flower bud differentiation, internode beginning to elongate, but not completely bolting. The mean of the leave length of the second, third and forth was above 6cm and that of the leave width was above 3cm, stem thickness was above 4mm with eight to nine leave. The best planting time of cv. "Sijiu" and "Erzaozi" in greenhouse was on February 16th and vacuum infiltrating was done on April 12nd. The transformation frequency was as high as 1.62%～2.0% when intermittently drawing a vacuum for three times "1min" with a vacuum pump whose suction capacity was 14.4m3•ha-1. Different flower bud treatment pattern affected the transformation frequency remarkably.

Auxin synthesis genes in pRiA4 and pRi1855 were cloned separately in binary vectors and introduced into Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis), cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) and cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis). The functions of these genes were investigated in root induction, root growth and plant phenotype. Both sets of auxin genes initiated root formation on hypocotyl segments and cotyledon explants after infection by Agrobacterium strains LBA4404auxA and LBA4404auxB. For Chinese cabbage and cabbage, the root initiation was polar since roots proliferated usually on basal ends of the explants. For cauliflower, rooting was not polar in that roots were observed on both ends (basal and apical ends) of hypocotyl segments. Addition of 3μM indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) to the ctilture medium resulted in the loss of polar rooting of Chinese cabbage and cabbage. Between transformed root lines and between transgenic plant lines were the considerable difference in growth pattern. The former was classified into four typer according to root length and number of branch roots while the latter sorted into three groups on the basis of plant phenotype. Most of the transgenic plants had slighdy wrinkled leaves. The leaf sections, dissected from transgenic plants, were cultured in the absence of hormone and rooting was observed for most of transgenic plants. From the population of transgenic plants, three lines of Chinese cabbage and cabbage were screened, that characterized with strong root systems, early initiation of leaf heads and fast growth.

通过对CaMV CABB-BJI和Bari-1株系基因Ⅵ的克隆和转化，在根癌农杆菌菌种GV3101的介导下，利用真空渗入法获得了转化CABB-BJI和Bari-1基因Ⅵ的拟南芥转基因植株。分子检测表明，基因Ⅵ已整合进拟南芥基因组并有不同程度的表达。在转基因植株中，出现了类似病毒感染症状、多生长点及花粉生活力较低等个体的变异株。而多数转基因植株(占转基因植株70.4%)为无症状的正常植株。对转化CaMV Bari-1株系基因Ⅵ的9个无症状转基因株系接种CaMV CABB-BJI病毒抗性表明，9个转基因株系表现出了不同的抗性。

Strain LBA9402Bin19 of Agrobacterium rhizogens, harboring binary vector of Bin19, incited roots in vitro on hypocotyl segments of cabbage, oilseed rape and cauliflower. Among these roots, the transformed roots containing Kn gene were resistant to kanamycin and grew on the medium eontaining 50mg/L kanamyein, whereas untransformed roots were not resistant to kanamycin and abandoned. Among three genotypes of Brassica crops tested, cauliflower had the highest root induction percentage while cabbage produced the highest root transformation frequency. Within the population of 50 transgenic lines, The introduction of Kn' gene from binary vector Bin19 was not always synchronized with that of ags and mas genes from Ri T-DNA.

The combining ability of 5 main quality traits, including fruit wall thickness (FWT), capsaicin content (FCC), ascorbic acid content (FVC), dry matter content (FDMC) and soluble sugar content of fruit (FSSC), using 4cv. TuMen Xiao Jian (TMXJ), San Dao Jin (SDJ), Chao Tian Xiao JIao (CTXJ), Tong JIao Yi Hao (TJYH) and their 6 coresses according to method 4, model I of G-rifling (1956), was analysed in this paper. The results were as follows: 1. The 5 quality traits had a high ratio of Vg/Vs, which indicated those traits were greatly affected by additive effect of genes. 2. The total combining ability of all the traits studied was to be positively and significantly correlated with the practical value. 3. The general combining ability of the cv. SDJ, TMXJ adn CTXJ were respectively high in FWT, FDMC and FCC, and the practical value of F1 which those cultivars were crossed with the tested material was also high, therefore, the cultivars could be as the parents of increasing FWT, FDMC and FCC. 4. Te t. c. a. value ofFVC, FDMC and FSSC was high in the cross of TMXJ with TJYH and it is a hopefully hybridized combination for high quality. Pepper is an important vegetable and pungent seasoning in the world. Studying on the heritability or combining ability of pepper quality traits is very important for pepper quality breeding, Some reserachers had studied on inheritance and combining ability of several quality characters in pepper, and given suggestions in parent selection and mate[iT Howevre, different reserachers selected different tested material and the results which they had got weren't same (Dolikh, 1983; Marfutina, 1972; Thakur, 1983; Rao, Popova, et al., 1975). In China, Shi Gueiyuan (1982) had investigated fruit wall thickness (FWT), hot taste and other quality characters of pepper, but she only gave a audio-visual description. So far, it hasn't been reported to determine the inheritance and combining ability with biochemical methods for pepper quality traits in China. Therefore, the combining ability of 5 main quality traits in Capsicum annuum was analysed in the present paper which was tried to reveal the inheritance and combining ability of main quality traits, and to give some information about quality breeding and parent selection and match in pepper.