本试验选择离体犊牛小肠上皮细胞，以细胞增殖率和葡萄糖吸收率作为细胞生长发育与功能成熟的指标，研究了胰岛素与胰岛素样生长因子-I（IGF-I）对细胞生长发育的影响。结果表明，胰岛素浓度为10μg/ml时，明显促进小肠上皮细胞的增殖和对葡萄糖的吸收，浓度达到50μg/ml时则抑制细胞的增殖和吸收（P<0.01）。IGF-I浓度为100ng/ml时，对促进小肠上皮细胞增殖和吸收葡萄糖的作用最强（P<0.01），但100ng/ml、500ng/ml和1000ng/ml三种不同浓度的IGF-I对刺激细胞增殖和提高吸收功能无显著差异（P>0.05）。

为研究胰岛素和酶解配方乳是否促进初生仔猪胃肠道的生长发育，本试验比较了饲喂配方乳、配方乳补加胰岛素（60mIU/ml）或酶（胰蛋白酶和糜蛋白酶）解配方乳三天后仔猪胃肠的重量，肠道长度，肠粘膜DNA、RNA和蛋白质含量，血浆中皮质醇、胰岛素和胃泌素的水平。饲喂配方乳补加胰岛素或酶解配方乳的仔猪，与饲喂配方乳的仔猪相比，胃、小肠、结肠的重量，小肠和结肠的长度，小肠粘膜DNA、RNA含量和结肠粘膜DNA、RNA、蛋白质含量均无显著变化（P>0.05）；血浆中皮质醇、胰岛素水平也无显著差异（P>0.05）。但饲喂配方乳补加胰岛素的仔猪小肠粘膜尤其是回肠后段粘膜的重量（P<0.05）和蛋白质含量（P<0.01）显著高于饲喂配方乳的仔猪；饲喂酶解配方乳仔猪血浆的胃泌素水平均显著（P<0.01）高于饲喂配方乳的仔猪，酶解配方乳中可能含有刺激初生仔猪胃泌素释放的物质。

To investigate what factors lead to the rapid postnatal tissue growth and functional maturation in the newborn intestine we compared intestinal tissue mass and digestive enzyme activities between newborn unsuckled piglets and piglets bottle-fed for 3 days with either intact porcine colostrum or trypsinized porcine colostrum. Bottle-feeding of colostrum or trypsinized colostrum led to a significant increase in weight and length of the small intestine and a significant increase in mucosal weight of the large intestine. The mucosal protein content in the small and the large intestine and the mucosal DNA content in the large intestine increased significantly following 3-days bottle-feeding of porcine colostrum or trypsinized colostrum. The total mucosal DNA contents in the small intestine of piglets fed colostrums or trypsinized colostrum were, respectively, 39 and 64% greater than that in the newborn unsuckled piglets. The numbers of cells labeled with BrdU in intestinal crypts also increased significantly in piglets fed both diets compared with that of newborns. But a marked increment in villus height was observed only in piglets fed intact colostrum. Brush-border membrane enzymes showed a differential response to the dietary treatment. Bottle-feeding of intact porcine colostrum, but not trypsinized porcine colostrum led to a significant increase in lactase, alkaline phosphatase and aminopeptidase specific activities in the small intestine. In contrast, the specific activity of maltase in the small intestine increased significantly with age irrespective of dietary treatment. These results indicated that genetic and dietary factors are involved in regulating postnatal intestinal development, and porcine colostrum contains a trypsin-labile component which can increase lactase and alkaline phosphatase activities in the newborn intestine.

为研究胰岛素和酶（胰蛋白酶和糜蛋白酶）解配方奶粉是否促进初生仔猪的组织生长和功能成熟，本试验比较了饲喂配方奶粉与饲喂配方奶粉补加胰岛素（60mIU/ml）或酶解配方奶粉3d后仔猪小肠的重量和长度，组织形态学结构，粘膜DNA，RNA和蛋白质含量、及小肠内容物中乳糖酶、麦芽糖酶和厉碱性磷酸酶活性。饲喂配方奶粉加胰岛素或酶解配方奶粉的仔猪，与饲喂配方奶粉的仔猪相比，小肠的重量、长度、组织形态学结构及粘膜的DNA和RNA含量均无显著变化（P＞0.05）。但饲喂配方奶粉补加胰岛素的仔猪小肠粘膜尤其是回肠后段粘膜的重量和蛋白质含量显著高于饲喂配方奶粉的仔猪（Ｐ＜0.05或Ｐ＜0.01）。与仅喂配方奶粉的仔猪相比，饲喂配方奶粉补加胰岛素的仔猪小肠内容物中乳糖酶、麦芽糖酶和碱性磷酸酶总活性显著升高；饲喂酶解配方奶粉的仔猪小肠内容物中乳糖酶和碱性磷酸酶总活性显著升高（Ｐ＜0.01）。结果表明，口饲胰岛素刺激小肠粘膜尤其是回肠后段粘膜重量和蛋白质含量的增加及小肠内容物中乳糖酶、麦芽糖酶和碱性磷酸酶总活性的升高；酶解配方奶粉中含有能刺激初生仔猪小肠发育的活性物质。