白细胞介素一1β（IL-lp）对胰岛p细胞具有细胞毒效应。本实验采用离体培养的新生大鼠胰岛，观察IL-lβ对胰岛素分泌、DNA合成和一氧化氮（NO）生成的影响及氨基胍对胰岛功能的保护作用。结果：①IL一1β（10、20、40u/ml）孵育胰岛24小时后，可抑制急性高浓度葡萄糖刺激的胰岛素分泌和胰岛3H-TdR掺入量，具有明显的剂量依赖性，且其抑制程度与亚硝酸盐的生成量密切相关。②氨基胍（0.1、0.2、0.4mmol/L）抑制亚硝酸盐的生成，同时减轻或完全阻断IL一1β对胰岛素分泌和3H-TdR掺人的影响，呈剂量依赖性。实验结果表明：IL一1β对胰岛β细胞的细胞毒效应由NO介导，氨基胍通过抑制NO的合成阻断了IL-1β的胰岛损伤效应。

目的 探讨TF21细胞凋亡相关基因19（TFAR19）在甲状腺腺瘤（TA）和甲状腺乳头状癌（PTC）中是否有表达及其细胞定位。方法 6例TA和6例PTC患者，经手术得到甲状腺肿瘤组织标本并获病理诊断，以6例TA患者的瘤周正常甲状腺组织作为对照。TFAR19表达的检测采用免疫组化染色。结果 TFAR19在正常甲状腺组织中几乎未见表达；在TA组的甲状腺肿瘤组织中呈强阳性表达，而在PTC组中呈阴性表达。结论 TFAR19凋亡通路在TA中被激活，而在PTC中则受到抑制，提示细胞凋亡与增殖之间的平衡失调可能在PTC的发病机制中具有重要作用。

目的　研究北京地区汉族人群中胰岛素受体底物-2(IRS-2) 基因密码子1057 g/a 多态性与2 型糖尿病及其中间表型的相关性。 方法　选取北京地区的中国汉族患者110 例, 对照组80例。用聚合酶链反应2限制性内切酶片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)的方法检测IRS-2基因密码子1057g/a 多态性。　结果　(1) IRS-2 基因密码子1057g/a 多态性的a 等位基因频率在糖尿病组和对照组中分别为26.4%和36.3%。(2) 糖尿病组aa 基因型频率明显低于对照组, 分别为5.5% 和18.7% (P =0.016)。Logistic 相关分析表明: aa 基因型为2 型糖尿病的保护性因素,OR 值为0.28 (95% CI= 0.09～0.91, P=0.03)。(3) 不同基因型组间血压、血脂、胰岛素抵抗指数及胰岛B细胞功能指数等均差异无显著性。　结论　中国北方地区汉族人群中IRS-2 基因密码子1057 g/a 多态性的aa 基因型在2 型糖尿病中明显减少, 但2型糖尿病各种中间表型特征在不同基因型间均无明显差异。上述结果有待于进一步扩大样本量来加以确认。

AIM: To isolate nestin-positive progenitor cells from human fetal pancreas and to detect their surface markers and their capability of proliferation and differentiation into pancreatic islet endocrine cells in vitro. METHODS: Islet-like cell clusters (ICCs) were isolated from human fetal pancreas by using collagenase digestion. The free-floating ICCs were handpicked out and cultured in a new dish. After the ICCs developed into monolayer epithelium-like cells, they were passaged and induced for differentiation. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunofluorescence stain, fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and radioimmunoassay (RIA) were used to detect the expression of cell markers. RESULTS: (1) The monolayer epithelium-like cells had highly proliferative potential and could be passaged more than 16 times in vitro. (2) RT-PCR analysis and immunofluorescence stain showed that these cells expressed both nestin and ABCG2, two of stem cell markers. (3) FACS analysis revealed that CD44, CD90 and CD147 were positive, whereas CD34, CD38, CD45, CD71, CD117, CD133 and HLA-DR were negative on the nestin-positive cells. (4) RT-PCR analysis showed that the mRNA expression of insulin, glucagon and pancreatic-duodenal homeobox gene-1 (PDX-1) was detected，whereas the expression of nestin and neurogenin 3 (Ngn3) was disappeared in these cells treated with serum-free media supplemented with the cocktail of growth factors. Furthermore, the intra-cellular insulin content was detected by RIA after the induction culture. CONCLUSION: Nestin-positive cells isolated from human fetal pancreas possess the characteristics of pancreatic progenitor cells since they have highly proliferative potential and the capability of differentiation into insulin-producing cells in vitro. Interestingly, the nestin-positive pancreatic progenitor cells share many phenotypic markers with mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow.