特种加工是对传统机械加工方法的有力补充和延伸。目前，这一技术正向着自动化、柔性化、精密化、集成化、智能化和最优化方向发展；在已有的工艺不断完善和定型的同时，新的特种加工技术不断涌现；正在形成面向快速制造的特种加工技术新体系。分析总结了特种加工技术的构成、研究现状和发展趋势，构筑了面向快速制造的特种加工技术体系和技术途径。

The radome is a revolution shell part made of hard and brittle material and has 3-D complex curved surface. The electric thickness of the radome is an important electromagnetic performance index, determined by the geometric thickness and the dielectric constant of the material. For the semi-finished radome, its electric thickness can usually not meet the requirement of the design owing to the error of the geometric thickness and the non-uniformity of the dielectric constant of the material. Therefore, it is necessary to precisely grind the inner surface of the radome to compensate the electric thickness error by altering the geometric thickness. To this end, a three-axis CNC precision measuring and grinding machine tool, which is controlled by a industrial personal computer (IPC) and a programmable multi-Axis controller (PMAC), was designed and developed. In order to avoid installation errors caused by separate loading operation and to ensure the grinding accuracy, the measuring and grinding process of the radome are accomplished in the same installing position on the machine tool in a manner of "once-loading and two-step-operation". First, the inner surface is precisely measured to set up a process datum and then, the finish grinding process is performed based on the datum and the required grinding allowance in the machine tool. It is shown in practice that the radome ground by the machine tool satisfies the requirement for the precision of the electric thickness.

光照模型在基于视觉的自由曲面图像测量领域中起着重要作用。本文介绍了Phong、Torrance-Sparrow和Cook-Torrance三种常用局部光照模型的原理和特点，应用非线性最小二乘优化方法确定了各模型的光照参数，并应用统计分析原理对各光照模型进行回归分析和比较，最后对Torrance-Sparrow光照模型加以改进，提出了一种适合于自由曲面快速测量的光照模型。

在集成电路（IC）制造中，化学机械抛光（CMP）技术在单晶硅衬底和多层金属互连结构的层间全局平坦化方面得到了广泛应用，成为制造主流芯片的关键技术之一。然而，传统CMP技术还存在一定的缺点或局限性，人们在不断完善CMP技术的同时，也在不断探索和研究新的平坦化技术。在分析传统CMP技术的基础上，介绍了固结磨料CMP、无磨料CMP、电化学机械平坦化、无应力抛光、接触平坦化和等离子辅助化学蚀刻等几种硅片平坦化新技术的原理和特点以及国内外平坦化技术的未来发展。

为实现由均质材料、复合材料、功能梯度材料和功能细结构构成的理想材料零件的数字化设计制造,从非线性问题线性化角度考虑,针对理想材料零件数字化设计制造中的数据格式和切片算法问题,提出了基于三维几何实体单纯剖分的数据格式.以统一、简便的形式,完整地描述了理想材料零件的几何、拓扑和材料信息；定义了快速制造中必不可少的切片数据格式；在该数据格式的基础上,进行了理想材料零件的均匀切片算法研究,并通过实例验证了该均匀算法.